新经济政策时期列宁重视农民经济利益研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 18:13

本文选题：新经济政策时期 + 列宁　；参考：《广西大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：一战期间,苏维埃政权在经济文化落后的农民占人口大多数的俄国里建立了起来。一战结束后,饱受了四年帝国主义战争和三年国内战争摧残的俄国经济濒临崩溃,苏维埃政权面临着严峻的国内经济形势。新生的苏维埃俄国希望通过继续推行国内战争时期的“战时共产主义”政策,达到恢复国民经济和直接向社会主义过渡的目的,却引起了严重的农民危机,造成了当时国内最严重的政治危机。列宁在深刻分析俄国国情,总结“战时共产主义”政策经验教训,深入调查研究的基础上,进行了深刻的理论反思,提出了关于重视农民经济利益的理论,其基本内涵包括:农民经济利益的实现是建设社会主义经济基础的客观要求、农民经济利益的实现是巩固工农联盟的关键、保障农民经济利益必须坚持有利于社会主义的原则、顺应自生发展动力是实现农民经济利益的正确路径等。列宁在保障农民经济利益的实践过程中,注重通过调整农村政策来提高农民的积极性:注重通过引导农民发展商品性农业来夯实农民经济利益的经济基础:注重通过提高农民的科学文化素质来增强农民维护自身利益的能力;通过提高农村工作者的素质为农民经济利益的实现提供切实保障。通过这些措施,列宁及其执政党保障农民经济利益的实践取得了很好成效。新经济政策时期列宁重视农民经济利益的理论与实践在今天亦有极大启示:其一,切实保障农民经济利益是执政党领导国家经济建设的重要经验;其二,加快推进农业现代化是实现农民经济利益的主要途径;其三,加强培养农民的科学文化素质是实现农民经济利益的长远之计。
[Abstract]:During World War I, the Soviet regime was established in Russia, where economically and culturally backward peasants constituted the majority of the population. After World War I, Russia's economy, devastated by four years of imperialist war and three years of civil war, was on the verge of collapse, and the Soviet regime was facing a severe domestic economic situation. The nascent Soviet Russia hoped to restore the national economy and make a direct transition to socialism by continuing the "wartime communism" policy during the civil war, but caused a serious peasant crisis. Caused the most serious political crisis in the country at that time. On the basis of profound analysis of Russia's national conditions, summing up the experience and lessons of "wartime communism" policy, and on the basis of in-depth investigation and study, Lenin made a profound theoretical reflection and put forward a theory on attaching importance to the economic interests of peasants. Its basic connotation includes: the realization of peasants' economic interests is the objective requirement of building socialist economic base, the realization of peasants' economic interests is the key to consolidate the alliance of workers and peasants, and the principle of favouring socialism must be adhered to safeguard the peasants' economic interests. Conforming to the motive force of self-living development is the correct way to realize the economic interests of farmers and so on. In the course of protecting the economic interests of peasants, Lenin, Pay attention to improve the enthusiasm of farmers by adjusting rural policies, strengthen the economic foundation of farmers by guiding farmers to develop commercial agriculture, and strengthen farmers by improving their scientific and cultural quality. Ability to defend one's own interests; By improving the quality of rural workers for the realization of farmers' economic interests to provide practical protection. Through these measures, Lenin and his ruling party to protect the economic interests of farmers practice achieved good results. Lenin's theory and practice of attaching importance to peasants' economic interests in the new economic policy period also has great enlightenment today: first, it is an important experience for the ruling party to lead the national economic construction to protect the peasants' economic interests; second, Speeding up the agricultural modernization is the main way to realize the farmers' economic interests. Thirdly, strengthening the cultivation of farmers' scientific and cultural quality is the long-term plan to realize the peasants' economic interests.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F151.2;F091.92

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