环境规制、影子经济与环境污染

发布时间：2018-05-29 11:29

本文选题：环境规制 + 影子经济　；参考：《厦门大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国环境污染问题日益严峻情况下,如何有效的控制污染绕不开环境规制有效性问题。而以往对环境规制有效性的大量研究中往往着眼于企业层面,并且忽略了影子经济的存在及其作用。本文认为影子经济的存在带来环境污染的同时,也将影响环境规制的有效性。加大环境规制可能在减少官方经济污染的同时,促使部分官方经济活动向影子经济部门逃逸,增加影子经济规模及其资本密集度,并在整体上增加了环境污染。所以本文在考虑影子经济存在的情况下,探讨环境规制对环境污染影响的非线性关系,分析环境规制、影子经济对环境污染的影响及其机制,并运用我国省级面板数据进行实证分析。首先,本文通过MIMIC模型估计方法,选取政府管制、间接税负及失业率作为原因变量,将实际GDP增长率与就业率增量作为指标变量,测算了1998—2012年我国30个省区市的影子经济规模。其次,本文构建了环境规制、影子经济与环境污染三者关系的理论框架,并提出了本文待检验的四个理论假设。最后,本文根据理论框架引入交互项变量,构建逐步回归计量模型,利用1998—2012年省际面板数据通过使用DriscollKraay标准误的固定效应模型对本文的理论假设进行了回归估计。本文研究得出如下四个主要结论：(1)1998—2012年全国平均影子经济规模介于11.14%-15.37%之间,且大体呈现缓慢上涨趋势。(2)加强环境规制一方面将直接减少了环境污染；另一方面,将通过影子经济间接增加了环境污染。环境规制与环境污染整体上存在正相关关系。(3)影子经济规模与环境污染之间存在非线性关系,影子经济资本密集度的提升将严重恶化环境污染。(4)环境规制通过资本密集型影子经济部门增加了环境污染。
[Abstract]:Under the increasingly serious environmental pollution problem in our country, how to effectively control the pollution can not solve the problem of the effectiveness of environmental regulation. However, many researches on the effectiveness of environmental regulation often focus on the enterprise level, and ignore the existence and function of shadow economy. This paper holds that the existence of shadow economy will also affect the effectiveness of environmental regulation while bringing environmental pollution. Increasing environmental regulation may reduce official economic pollution, at the same time, promote some official economic activities to escape to shadow economy sector, increase shadow economy scale and its capital intensity, and increase environmental pollution as a whole. Therefore, considering the existence of shadow economy, this paper discusses the nonlinear relationship between environmental regulation and environmental pollution, analyzes the impact of environmental regulation, shadow economy on environmental pollution and its mechanism. And the use of provincial panel data for empirical analysis. Firstly, through the MIMIC model estimation method, this paper selects the government regulation, the indirect tax burden and the unemployment rate as the reason variable, takes the real GDP growth rate and the employment rate increment as the index variable. The shadow economy scale of 30 provinces, autonomous regions and cities in China from 1998 to 2012 is calculated. Secondly, this paper constructs the theoretical framework of the relationship among environmental regulation, shadow economy and environmental pollution, and puts forward four theoretical hypotheses to be tested in this paper. Finally, based on the introduction of interactive variables in the theoretical framework, a stepwise regression econometric model is constructed, and the theoretical assumptions of this paper are estimated by using the fixed effect model of DriscollKraay standard error using inter-provincial panel data from 1998 to 2012. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the average scale of shadow economy in China from 1998 to 2012 is between 11.14% and 15.37%, and there is a slow rising trend.) strengthening environmental regulation will, on the one hand, directly reduce environmental pollution; on the other hand, strengthen environmental regulation. Will indirectly increase environmental pollution through the shadow economy. There is a positive correlation between environmental regulation and environmental pollution as a whole. (3) there is a nonlinear relationship between the scale of shadow economy and environmental pollution. The increase of capital intensity of shadow economy will seriously worsen environmental pollution. (4) Environmental regulation increases environmental pollution through capital-intensive shadow economy sector.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X32;F124.1

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