我国金融发展影响收入分配的“阈值”研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 22:45

本文选题：金融发展 + 收入分配　；参考：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国经济高速增长，持续发展，国民生产总值由1978年的3645亿元增长至2012年的51.95万亿元。但经济快速成长背后，经济增长的成果并非均匀、同比例被公民共同享有。根据国家统计局2014年1月20日发布的数据显示，我国居民收入基尼系数为0.473，远高于国际警戒线的数字，，经济的增长并没有遵循帕累托改进的路径发展，这表明我国在收入分配上存在很大的改进余地。金融发展作为影响收入分配不平等的重要原因，主要是通过福利效应、门槛效应、非均衡效应三个机制渠道影响收入分配的差距。三种效应在金融发展的过程中同时发生作用，金融发展对收入分配最终的影响结果取决于此三种效应力量的对比。在不同的经济特征与金融发展水平条件下，三种效应的大小此消彼长，共同引致前者对后者的影响呈现出非线性的关系。具体关系上，两者之间的关系服从库茨涅兹的倒“U”型曲线轨迹。本文具体运用Hansen的门槛回归模型实证得出：我国金融发展与收入分配之间显示出“阈值”效应，倾向于以金融发展水平为门槛划分区间的分段函数关系。当前我国发展阶段，金融发展与收入分配差距的关系呈现倒“U”型曲线左半部特征，金融发展水平还没有达到高阈值，尚且处于倒“U”型曲线左半部分的上行线上，收入差距在金融发展水平的影响下将进一步扩大。基于该分析结论，文章从调节信贷投向与信贷结构、鼓励“利贫金融”的创新、健全小微企业融资、构建普惠的金融服务体系、改善对贫困群体的服务歧视的金融生态五个角度提出金融发展改善收入分配差距的政策措施。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has grown at a high speed and sustained development. The gross national product (GNP) has increased from 364.5 billion yuan in 1978 to 51.95 trillion yuan in 2012. But behind the rapid economic growth, the results of economic growth are not uniform, the same proportion is shared by citizens. According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on January 20, 2014, the Gini coefficient of Chinese residents' income is 0.473, which is far higher than the number of international warning lines, and the economic growth has not followed the path of Pareto improvement. This indicates that there is great room for improvement in income distribution in China. Financial development, as an important reason influencing income distribution inequality, mainly affects the income distribution gap through three mechanism channels: welfare effect, threshold effect and non-equilibrium effect. The three effects play an important role in the process of financial development. The final effect of financial development on income distribution depends on the comparison of the three effects. Under the conditions of different economic characteristics and financial development level, the magnitude of the three effects fluctuates one by one, which together leads to the nonlinear relationship between the former and the latter. Specifically, the relationship between the two from Kuznetz's inverted "U" curve trajectory. Based on the threshold regression model of Hansen, this paper draws a conclusion that there is a "threshold" effect between financial development and income distribution in China, which tends to take the level of financial development as the threshold to divide the segmental function of the interval. At present, the relationship between financial development and income distribution gap is characterized by the left half of the inverted "U" curve. The level of financial development has not reached the high threshold yet, and it is still on the upward line of the left half of the inverted "U" curve. Income gap will be further expanded under the influence of financial development level. Based on the conclusion of the analysis, this paper tries to adjust the credit orientation and credit structure, encourage the innovation of "pro-poor finance", perfect the financing of small and micro enterprises, and construct the inclusive financial service system. From the five angles of improving the financial ecology of service discrimination against the poor group, this paper puts forward the policies and measures to improve the income distribution gap in the financial development.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832;F124.7

【参考文献】