宁夏南部限制开发生态区发展机理研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 17:45

本文选题：发展机理 + 可持续生计　；参考：《宁夏大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：生计资本与农户收支有着密切的关系,决定农户的生计策略,影响区域的发展机理与发展模式。基于参与式农村评估法(PRA),通过对宁夏南部限制开发生态区5县(同心、海原、西吉、隆德和彭阳)15个乡镇30个行政村的941户农户的问卷调查,结合对村干部、典型农户及宗教界人士的深入访谈,在DFID (The united kingdom department for international development英国国际发展署)的可持续生计分析框架(SLA)下,运用SPSS数理统计分析方法,分民族(回族、汉族)；地形(山地、川道)；农户类型(农业户、兼业户和非农业户)对宁夏南部限制开发生态区农户生计资本与农户收支状况进行定量评估,创建农户非农性指数(non-agricultural index),将农户收入与农户各类生计资本(人力资本、自然资本、物质资本、金融资本和社会资本)和非农性指数进行相关性分析,揭示生计资本与农户收支和非农性指数的关系,结合研究区实际,运用系统分析方法,探讨区域发展机理与模式。通过实地调研、研究分析得出以下结论：①研究区各县GDP占全区的百分比很低,处于全区的最低水平,且近10年来各县GDP占自治区的比重都出现了不同程度的下降,宁夏南部限制开发生态区,不仅经济发展落后,且经济增长速度也长期低于自治区的平均水平,区域差距仍在持续拉大,扶贫攻坚的难度依然艰巨。②研究区农户生计资本量整体偏低,表现为人力资本赢弱、自然资本贫瘠、物质资本匮乏、金融资本短缺、社会资本脆弱,农户纯收入与非农性指数和人力、物质等资本量显著正相关,与自然资本显著负相关,需要着力提升农户的非农性指数和人力、物质等资本量。③劳务产业是研究区普遍适用的发展途径,应当重视和加强,同时注重劳动力技能培训和教育事业的发展,促进人力资本优势的发挥；要转变传统的农业生产方式,走农业产业化道路、引导第三产业发展壮大；④适合研究区的发展模式主要有农业产业化发展模式(包括草畜产业,现代养殖业,冷凉蔬菜种植,马铃薯育种、种植,道地中药材种植,苗木产业和特色林果业等)、现代服务业发展模式(包括休闲旅游业,批发零售业,运输、贩运及其服务业等)、生态移民模式(包括区域内移民和区域外移民)、劳务输出模式、新型城镇化模式和生态补偿模式等。⑤国家要加大对宁夏南部限制开发生态区的支持力度,包括基础设施的改善和优惠政策的倾斜。
[Abstract]:Livelihood capital has a close relationship with farmers' income and expenditure, which determines the farmer's livelihood strategy, and influences the development mechanism and mode of regional development. Based on the participatory rural assessment method (PRA), a questionnaire survey was conducted among 941 rural households in 30 administrative villages in 15 villages and towns in 5 counties (concentric, Haiyuan, Xiji, Longde and Pengyang) in the restricted ecological areas of southern Ningxia. An in-depth interview with typical farmers and religious personages, under the framework of sustainable livelihood analysis by DFID / the united kingdom department for international development UK Agency for International Development (USAID), the use of SPSS mathematical statistical analysis method, divided into ethnic groups (Hui, Han nationality; terrain (mountain, hilly area, hilly area). The types of farmers (agricultural households, both agricultural households and non-agricultural households) are used to quantitatively evaluate the farmers' livelihood capital and household income and expenditure in the restricted ecological development area of southern Ningxia. The non-agricultural index is established to analyze the correlation between peasant household income and farmers' livelihood capital (human capital, natural capital, material capital, financial capital and social capital) and non-agricultural index. This paper reveals the relationship between livelihood capital, household income and expenditure and non-agricultural index, and discusses the mechanism and mode of regional development by means of systematic analysis. Through field investigation and analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: the percentage of GDP in each county in the study area is very low, which is at the lowest level in the whole region, and the proportion of GDP in the autonomous region of each county has decreased in varying degrees in the past 10 years. Not only is the economic development lagging behind, but the economic growth rate of the southern Ningxia is also lower than the average level of the autonomous region for a long time, and the regional gap is still widening. The difficulty of poverty alleviation is still arduous .2 the farmers' livelihood capital is on the low side in the research area, showing that the human capital is weak, the natural capital is barren, the material capital is scarce, the financial capital is short, and the social capital is fragile. The net income of farmers is significantly positively correlated with the non-agricultural index, manpower and material capital, and negatively correlated with natural capital. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the non-agricultural index and human resources of farmers. The material and equal capital volume .3 labor service industry is the research area universal suitable development way, should pay attention to and strengthen, at the same time pays attention to the labor force skill training and the education enterprise development, promotes the human capital superiority display; To change the traditional mode of agricultural production, to take the road of agricultural industrialization, to guide the tertiary industry to develop and expand, and to guide the tertiary industry to develop and expand, the main development models suitable for the research area include the development mode of agricultural industrialization (including grass and livestock industry, modern aquaculture, cold vegetable planting, etc.) Potato breeding, cultivation, native Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, seedling industry and characteristic forest and fruit industry, modern service industry development model (including leisure tourism, wholesale and retail trade, transportation, etc.) Trafficking and its service industries, ecological migration patterns (including intraregional and extraregional migration, labor export models, new urbanization models and ecological compensation models, etc.) the state should increase its support for the restricted development of ecological areas in southern Ningxia. These include infrastructure improvements and preferential policies.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F127;F323.8

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