老挝的经济机制革新研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 16:39

本文选题：老挝 + 经济机制　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：老挝人民民主共和国(以下简称老挝)是一个内陆国家,地处中南半岛,南邻柬埔寨,北接中国,东处越南边境,西北毗连缅甸,西南连接泰国。老挝在1975年12月2日获得独立之后,老党及中央政府对经济发展尤为重视。但基于历史原因,老挝被视为东南亚最贫穷的国家之一,这是由于老挝长期遭受外国殖民主义的迫害和长年累月的战争,老党及政府带领人民群众实施了闭关锁国的外交方针政策,因为老党在面临薄弱的国内经济社会时,为了国家的独立自主和对国家主权的保护,避免国外资本对本国经济进行控制所采取的策略。 1986年,老挝人民革命党召开了第四次全国代表大会。老挝党在重新审视在社会主义改造及建设方面的不足前提下,制定了主要目标以为解决老挝国内问题及外部困扰,这就是寻求到了一条符合老挝基本国情的发展道路,提出经济改革的大项目称为“经济机制革新”确定了革新开放的方针和目标,同时要调整和改善经济机制管理方式,进行计划经济转向社会主义市场经济的政策。老挝北接中国,同中国有着“山连山,水连水”的历史情谊。在选择历史道路上,老挝也坚持社会主义道路。老挝在坚持了本国特点并加以创新的基础上,仿照中国改革经验,为经济机制革新的成功采取了一篮子的革新举措,将农业革新作为经济机制革新的突破口,将工业革新作为经济机制革新的主要带动力,将外向型经济视为经济机制革新的风向标,目标是要达到社会主义定向的市场经济作,一系列举措将老挝提升为经济市场活跃及稳定的经济增长的国家。老挝所取得的经济成就足以说明老挝的经济机制革新是成功的,能够突破以往落后封锁的状态,取得骄人的成绩,坚持经济建设道路是老党和人民的正确抉择。不足之处是老挝在这次经济机制革新中暴露出城乡贫富存在巨大差距、发展不平衡的地区经济等诸如此类的问题。概而论之,从上世纪八十年代至今,老挝在经济制度革新中尽管存在不足之处,但取得的成绩是可观的。从系统分析的研究方面深入,老挝在经济机制革新方面的历史进程、动因、主要特点和在革新开放中经济社会发展的现状,充分汲取老挝在经济机制革新中的教训和经验,借鉴其成功之处,目的是深化对老挝的经济机制革新的认识,加快老挝经济机制革新的步伐和推动老挝经济的快速发展。争取到2020年前摆脱不发达国家的行列奠定坚实基础,继续向社会主义的目标迈进。
[Abstract]:The Lao people's Democratic Republic (hereinafter referred to as Laos) is a landlocked country located in the Indochina Peninsula, south of Cambodia, north of China, east of Vietnam, northwest of Myanmar, southwest of Thailand. After Laos gained independence on December 2, 1975, the old party and central government attached great importance to economic development. But for historical reasons, Laos is regarded as one of the poorest countries in Southeast Asia because of its long history of foreign colonialism and years of war. The old party and the government led the people to implement the foreign policy of closing the door to the outside world. This is because the old party, in the face of weak domestic economic and social conditions, for the sake of the independence of the country and the protection of its sovereignty, Strategies to avoid foreign capital control of the country's economy. In 1986, the Lao people's Revolutionary Party held its fourth National Congress. On the premise of re-examining the deficiencies in socialist transformation and construction, the Lao Party has formulated the main goal of solving Laos's domestic problems and external troubles, which is to seek a development road that conforms to the basic conditions of Laos. The major item of economic reform is called "reform of economic mechanism", which determines the policy and goal of innovation and opening up, and at the same time, it is necessary to adjust and improve the management mode of economic mechanism and carry out the policy of changing planned economy to socialist market economy. Laos meets China to the north, and has a historical friendship of "linking mountains, water and water" with China. In choosing the historical road, Laos also adheres to the socialist road. On the basis of persisting in its own characteristics and innovating, Laos has adopted a basket of innovative measures for the success of the reform of the economic mechanism, imitating the experience of China's reform, and taking agricultural innovation as a breakthrough in the innovation of the economic mechanism. To regard industrial innovation as the main driving force for the reform of the economic mechanism, and to regard the export-oriented economy as a vane for the reform of the economic mechanism, with the aim of achieving a socialist oriented market economy. A series of measures have upgraded Laos into a country with dynamic and stable economic growth. The economic achievements made by Laos can prove that Laos's economic mechanism reform is successful, and it is the correct choice of the old party and the people to break through the backward blockade in the past, to make proud achievements, and to stick to the road of economic construction. The drawback is that Laos has exposed such problems as the huge gap between urban and rural rich and poor, unbalanced regional economy and so on. To sum up, Laos has made considerable achievements in economic reform since the 1980 s, despite its shortcomings. From the perspective of systematic analysis, Lao PDR's historical process, motivation, main characteristics and current situation of economic and social development in the reform and opening up of the country have fully learned the lessons and experiences of Laos in the reform of the economic mechanism. The purpose of this paper is to deepen the understanding of Lao economic mechanism innovation, accelerate the pace of Lao economic mechanism innovation and promote the rapid development of Lao economy. Strive to leave the ranks of underdeveloped countries by 2020 to lay a solid foundation, continue to move towards the goal of socialism.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F133.4

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