中国城市人力资本外部性的收入阶层分布

发布时间：2018-06-18 09:33

本文选题：人力资本 + 外部效应　；参考：《经济科学》2017年02期

【摘要】：在推进以人为核心的新型城市化进程中,如何使各阶层劳动者能"包容式"地从人力资本集聚的外部性红利中获益是一个既影响效率又关乎公平的重要问题。文章利用CHIP2013的城市居民调查数据,考察了中国城市人力资本外部效应在不同收入阶层的分布情况。研究发现:即使在控制了城市规模效应的条件下,仍然可以观测到显著的城市人力资本外部效应。平均来看,城市人力资本水平每提高1%,劳动者的月工资将上涨0.094%~0.148%。但工具变量分位数回归显示,这种工资溢价效应并不是线性的,城市人力资本外部性并有没有均衡地使各个收入阶层受益,而是在不同的收入群体间表现出了巨大的结构性分化,工资水平越高的群体,受人力资本的外部性影响越强。而劳动者在学习能力、工作行业上的差异,以及制度壁垒所形成的劳动市场分割都是造成人力资本外部效应出现收入阶层分化的重要诱因。
[Abstract]:In the process of promoting a new type of urbanization with human being as the core, how to make the workers of all strata "inclusive" to benefit from the external dividend of human capital agglomeration is an important issue that affects both efficiency and fairness. Using CHIP2013 urban resident survey data, this paper investigates the distribution of urban human capital externality in different income groups in China. It is found that the external effects of urban human capital can be observed even when the effects of urban scale are controlled. On average, for every increase in urban human capital, workers' monthly wages will rise by 0.0940.148. But the tool variable quantile regression shows that the wage premium effect is not linear, the externality of urban human capital does not benefit all income groups in a balanced way. The higher the wage level, the stronger the externality of human capital. The labor market segmentation formed by the labor barriers is an important inducement for the differentiation of the income stratum caused by the external effect of human capital and the difference in the learning ability of the laborer the difference in the work profession and the division of the labor market formed by the system barrier.
【作者单位】：重庆大学经济与工商管理学院;重庆大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金西部项目“新常态下人力资本集聚外部效应与产业结构调整研究”(项目编号:15XRK003)的资助
【分类号】：F249.2;F124.7

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