“十二五”期间中国区域低碳经济与国土空间开发格局的协调发展研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 23:13

本文选题：国土空间开发格局 + 低碳经济　；参考：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年09期

【摘要】：有别于单纯的"区域竞争"模式,国土空间开发格局逐渐成为新形势下我国区域发展的基础和前提,区域开发应满足前者的基本要求。本文根据各省基于县级单元的主体功能区划,以2010年为基年,通过建立人口、经济、产业结构和温室气体排放等多层次指标体系,评价"十二五"时期我国区域低碳经济与国土空间开发格局协调发展的进展程度。研究发现,城市化地区(重点开发区和优化开发区)以占不到18%的国土面积,集聚了1/2以上的人口和3/4的经济产出;农产品主产区的面积占比超过1/4,人口比例接近1/3;重点生态功能区面积比例接近56%,人口比例低于10%。2010—2014年,从全国范围看,各类主体功能区的发展态势与其功能定位基本吻合,表现为优化开发区、农产品主产区和重点生态功能区的人口和经济集聚度均有微降,而重点开发区有所上升;各区产业结构均有所优化,但农产品主产区和重点生态功能区产业结构调整的幅度小于城市化地区。具体到各省,研究发现本文所研究的"协调性"进展与传统意义上的东、中、西区域划分和发展水平并无直接关系,例如同为东部地区的京津冀三地,协调性进展有显著差异,也显示出三地协同发展的难度。相反,一些惯常认为发展较为落后的省区,例如河北、青海、山西等地,在经济发展与国土空间开发格局的协调性方面所付出的努力和成效走在前列。部分地区低碳发展与其国土空间开发格局呈现出相对不协调的态势,主要表现为农产品主产区和重点生态保护区都出现了经济集聚度上升、产业结构劣化、CO_2排放大幅度上升、排放强度甚至也上升的趋势。
[Abstract]:Different from the simple pattern of "regional competition", the pattern of land and space development has gradually become the foundation and premise of regional development in China under the new situation, and regional development should meet the basic requirements of the former. In this paper, according to the main functional divisions of the provinces based on the county units, and taking 2010 as the base year, through the establishment of population, economy, industrial structure and greenhouse gas emissions, and other multi-level indicator system, This paper evaluates the development of regional low-carbon economy and territorial and spatial development pattern in the 12th Five-Year Plan period. The study found that urbanization areas (key development zones and optimized development zones) accounted for less than 18% of the land area, gathered more than 1 / 2 of the population and 3 / 4 of economic output; The area of the main producing areas of agricultural products accounts for more than a quarter, and the proportion of the population is close to one third; the proportion of the key ecological functional areas is close to 56; the proportion of the population is lower than 10.2010-2014. From a nationwide perspective, the development situation of various main functional areas basically coincides with their functional orientation. The main agricultural production areas and the key ecological functional areas have a slight decline in population and economic concentration, while key development zones have increased, and the industrial structure of each region has been optimized. But the range of industrial structure adjustment in the main agricultural production area and the key ecological function area is smaller than that in the urbanization area. In each province, it is found that the progress of "coordination" studied in this paper is not directly related to the division and development level of the eastern, central and western regions in the traditional sense. For example, there are significant differences in the progress of coordination among the three places of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, which are also in the eastern region. It also shows the difficulty of coordinated development among the three places. On the contrary, some provinces and autonomous regions, such as Hebei, Qinghai, Shanxi, and so on, have made great efforts and achievements in coordinating economic development with the pattern of land and space development. The low carbon development in some areas and the pattern of land and space development in some areas show a relatively incongruous trend, mainly manifested in the increase of economic concentration in the main producing areas of agricultural products and the key ecological protection areas, and the substantial increase in the emission of CO _ 2 from the deterioration of industrial structure. Emission intensity is even rising.
【作者单位】：国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所;中国21世纪议程管理中心;中国科学研究院地理科学与资源研究所;国务院参事室;
【基金】：中国清洁发展基金赠款项目“典型国家适应气候变化方案研究与中国适应策略和行动方案”(批准号:2013034),“低碳发展区域政策与国土空间开发格局的协调性研究”(批准号:2014074) 2016年国家重点研发计划项目“国家及主要区域空气质量改善路线图研究”(批准号:2016YFC0207503)
【分类号】：F124.5;F205

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