空间经济网络的作用机理及效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 14:55

本文选题：空间经济网络 + 网络经济　；参考：《南开大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国正处于工业化和城市化发展的中期阶段,随着经济的高速增长,经济结构、产业结构、区域结构和城市结构均面临着巨大转变。从发达国家的经济增长规律和经验来看,在人均收入达到10000美元之前,经济活动会表现出明显的空间聚集和集中特征。据统计,到2030年,中国人口将会达到16亿左右,有至少3亿的人口会涌入城市,由此引发要素的空间聚集与集中,将会推动城市群、城市圈、城市带为主体的各类城市区域逐步形成。信息和交通技术的发展,空间连接的形式和通道增多,连接的时间和距离越来越短,导致城市群内部城市间的联系成本越来越低,分工与合作渗透到城市的各个领域。随着经济活动越来越打破单一城市的空间范围,城市间的影响与互动变得密切而频繁,网络关系成为促进城市、区域发展和重构空间格局的动力。然而一直以来,现有研究所关注的重点大多集中于单个城市的集聚经济,忽略了城市的外部环境、城市与城市之间的关系。因此,研究要素和经济活动相互作用所引发的“流”和经济“网络化”活动以及由此所形成的城市间的网络关系过程,对于优化资源的空间配置、加快空间结构调整、实现经济空间的合理发展具有重要意义。从理论层面看,聚集经济理论在没有网络分析的情况下会导致空间结构整体信息在经济空间演化分析中的缺失。因此,有必要将空间经济网络的概念和分析方法引入理论和实证研究当中,以弥补理论经济空间和地理网络空间的不一致。本文综合新经济地理空间演化理论、城市和区域经济学空间结构理论和交通经济学的相关理论引入“空间经济网络”概念,并运用复杂社会网络分析和计量经济学等工具方法,就其内在机理和实际效应进行系统的阐释和研究,为研究经活动空间分布和演进规律的提供一个全新视角。另外,本文选题来源于国家社科基金重大项目“空间经济学在中国的理论与实践”中的子课题项目。基于以上背景,在对空间经济网络研究的概念和理论进行回顾和梳理的基础上,建立了集“内涵—动因—机理—路径—评价—效应”于一体的空间经济网络理论分析框架。本文将空间经济网络界定为空间经济网络是在一定地域范围内,以城市节点为代表的,包含城市内部各种经济主体的相互作用和关系的总和及其空间结构形态。空间经济网络的形成主要是在市场和政府两条作用路径之下,通过空间集聚与扩散机制、空间外部性机制和空间竞合机制,要素在企业区位决策和政府的制度引导下沿着企业生产和组织关系网络和基础设施网络的的路径实现在不同城市间集聚和网络扩散。空间经济网络的时空演化表现出不同的结构模式,并且具有空间结构效应和经济增长效应等功能。为验证这一理论框架的适用性,本文首先借鉴复杂网络指标和分析方法,从节点、网络关系和网络结构等多维视角构建了空间经济网络的评价指标体系,并以京津冀城市群为例进行测度和分析；其次,分别以全国十大城市群为研究对象,就空间经济网络的效应进行实证检验。通过理论分析和实证检验,本文主要得出以下研究结论：第一,空间经济网络的完善对于空间结构演化具有明显的推动作用,表现为在区域范围向城市群集中—在城市群内部集聚或扩散的趋势；特别是在区域层面,空间经济网络的不同层面对城市群空间结构的影响不同,其中交通基础设施作用下城市群空间结构呈现由单中心结构强化向多中心网络演变的“倒U型”渐进过程,要素流动网络推动城市群空间结构的多中心化；互联网设施对城市群空间结构的影响根据城市产业功能特征呈现“集聚—多中心”的双向模式。第二,空间经济网络的完善能够有效提升区域经济绩效,带动区域经济协同增长,实证结果表明,单中心的城市群空间结构是低效率水平城市群的主要制约因素,网络化的空间结构形态对于提升城市经济绩效作用明显,只有当城市群整体效率水平的达到一定程度之后,城市群内部的结构差异的影响才开始不显著；而基础设施网络的完善、要素流动网络的容量扩张均能显著的提升城市群全要素生产率和技术进步水平。
[Abstract]:At present, China is in the middle stage of industrialization and urbanization. With the rapid growth of economy, the economic structure, industrial structure, regional structure and urban structure are facing great changes. From the laws and experiences of the economic growth of developed countries, the economic activity will show obvious vacant time before the per capita income reaches 10000 dollars. According to statistics, according to the statistics, by 2030, the population of China will reach about 1 billion 600 million, and at least 300 million of the population will pour into the city. Thus, the spatial aggregation and concentration of the elements will lead to the gradual formation of the urban areas, the urban areas and the urban zones. The development of information and transportation technology and the form of space connection will be promoted. As the number of channels and channels increased, the time and distance of connection became shorter and shorter, which resulted in the lower connection cost among cities within the urban agglomeration, and the division of labor and cooperation infiltrated into the various areas of the city. With the economic activities more and more breaking the spatial scope of the single City, the influence and interaction between cities became close and frequent, and the network relationship became the city, Regional development and reconstruction of spatial pattern, however, most of the focus of the current research focus on the agglomeration economy of a single city, neglecting the external environment of the city and the relationship between cities and cities. Therefore, the "flow" and "network" activities caused by the interaction of factors and economic activities are taken as a result. It is of great significance to optimize the spatial allocation of resources, speed up the adjustment of space structure and realize the rational development of economic space.
From the theoretical point of view, the aggregation economic theory will lead to the lack of spatial structure overall information in the analysis of economic space evolution without network analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the concept and analysis method of the spatial economic network into the theoretical and empirical research in order to make up the inconsistency between the theoretical economic space and the geographic network space. In this paper, the new economic geography space evolution theory, the theory of spatial structure of urban and regional economics and the related theory of traffic economics are introduced into the concept of "space economy network", and the internal mechanism and the actual effect are systematically explained and studied by using the tools of complex social network analysis and econometrics. In addition, the topic of this paper comes from the sub project of "the theory and practice of space economics in China", which is a major project of the National Social Science Fund.
Based on the above background, based on the review and combing of the concept and theory of spatial economic network research, the theoretical analysis framework of space economic network is set up, which integrates "intension motivation mechanism path evaluation effect". In this paper, space economic network is designated as space economic network in a certain area. On the other hand, the urban node is represented by the sum of the interaction and relationship between the various economic subjects in the city and its spatial structure. The formation of the space economic network is mainly under the two action paths of the market and the government, through the spatial agglomeration and diffusion mechanism, the spatial externality mechanism and the spatial competing mechanism, and the elements in the enterprise. Under the guidance of the location decision and the government system, the path of the enterprise production and organization network and the infrastructure network is realized in the different urban agglomeration and network diffusion. The spatial and temporal evolution of the spatial economic network shows different structural patterns, and has the functions of spatial structure effect and economic growth effect. The applicability of the theoretical framework, this paper first draws on the complex network index and analysis method, constructs the evaluation index system of the spatial economic network from the multi-dimensional perspective of nodes, network relations and network structure, and takes the Beijing Tianjin Hebei Urban Agglomeration as an example to measure and analyze. Secondly, the space classics are taken as the research object of the ten major urban agglomeration in China. The effect of the economic network is tested empirically.
Through theoretical analysis and empirical test, the main conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, the improvement of space economic network has an obvious impetus to the evolution of spatial structure, showing the trend of centralization of urban agglomeration to the urban agglomeration in the region, especially in the regional level, and the spatial economic network is not. The influence of the same layer on the spatial structure of urban agglomeration is different, in which the spatial structure of urban agglomeration under the action of traffic infrastructure presents a "inverted U" gradual process from the single center structure strengthening to the multi center network. The factor flow network promotes the multi centralization of the spatial structure of the urban agglomeration; the influence of the Internet facilities on the spatial structure of the urban agglomeration Second, the improvement of the spatial economic network can effectively improve the regional economic performance and promote the coordinated growth of the regional economy. The empirical results show that the spatial structure of the single center urban agglomeration is the main restriction factor of the low efficiency water level city group and the network space. Structural form plays a significant role in improving urban economic performance. Only when the overall efficiency level of urban agglomeration reaches a certain degree, the impact of structural differences within the urban agglomeration is not significant; and the improvement of infrastructure network and the expansion of the capacity of the element flow network can significantly improve the total factor productivity and technology of urban agglomeration. The level of operation was improved.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124

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