基于收入群体差异的北京典型郊区低收入居民的行为空间困境

发布时间：2018-07-05 20:35

本文选题：时间地理学 + 潜在活动空间　；参考：《地理学报》2017年10期

【摘要】：既有低收入居民空间困境的研究以居住空间研究为主,关注低收入者受到的住房与社区隔离,难以刻画低收入者在整日尺度面临的时空制约。行为空间作为行为地理学与时间地理学的重要概念,为描述低收入居民在日常生活中面临的移动性与可达性相关的问题提供了有力的工具。本文提出利用潜在活动空间和实际活动空间共同描述居民行为空间,分析低收入居民在时空可达性和实际利用城市空间能力上的劣势。基于2012年北京市上地—清河居民活动与出行日志,利用路网分析、最小多边形分析等方法刻画居民每日的潜在活动空间和实际活动空间。通过对不同收入群体的比较,发现低收入居民比其他居民的潜在活动空间和实际活动空间都要小。进一步构建模型分析潜在活动空间和实际活动空间的影响因素,发现包括收入在内的个体社会经济属性、空间属性和行为属性对潜在活动空间和实际活动空间存在影响,但是二者的影响因素存在差异。对行为空间的测量有利于增进对于不同群体社会分异与空间隔离的认知,对未来的研究具有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:The study of existing low-income residents' spatial predicament is mainly about residential space. It is difficult to describe the space-time constraints faced by low-income people on a whole day scale because they are concerned about the isolation of housing and community. As an important concept of behavioral geography and time geography, behavioral space provides a powerful tool for describing the mobility and accessibility problems faced by low-income residents in their daily life. In this paper, the potential activity space and the actual activity space are proposed to describe the resident behavior space together, and the disadvantages of the low-income residents in the space-time accessibility and the actual utilization of urban space ability are analyzed. Based on the activity and travel log of Shangdi-Qinghe residents in Beijing in 2012, the methods of road network analysis and minimum polygon analysis are used to depict the potential activity space and actual activity space. Through the comparison of different income groups, it is found that the potential activity space and actual activity space of low-income residents are smaller than those of other residents. The model is constructed to analyze the influence factors of potential activity space and actual activity space, and it is found that individual social and economic attributes, including income, spatial attribute and behavior attribute have influence on potential activity space and actual activity space. However, there are differences between the two factors. The measurement of behavior space is helpful to enhance the cognition of social differentiation and spatial isolation of different groups, and it is of great significance to the future research.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室;华东师范大学地理科学学院;北京大学城市与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41529101,41571144,40601159)~~
【分类号】：F126

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