黑龙江省与俄罗斯经贸合作的路径研究
发布时间：2018-07-22 19:39
【摘要】：2007年,中俄确立了战略协作伙伴关系,两国由地缘政治合作向地缘经济合作方向转变。黑龙江省作为中国北方的边境省份,与俄罗斯地理毗邻,双方拥有3045公里的共同边界线,双方的经贸合作拥有得天独厚的地缘优势和合作基础。黑龙江省与俄罗斯多年来保持了良好的经贸合作关系,双方在劳务、贸易和投资等多领域的合作都取得了丰硕的成果。在黑龙江省“十二五”规划实施和俄罗斯入世后,双方的政策法规会有所变动,为进一步加强黑龙江省与俄罗斯的经贸合作关系、扩大对俄贸易规模和提高双边经贸合作水平,在国家沿边开放的整体战略下,黑龙江省应充分利用自身的优势,根据黑俄双方的政策调整,不断完善对俄经贸合作路径,将黑龙江省打造成对俄经贸合作的桥头堡和枢纽站。 虽然近年来黑龙江省与俄罗斯经贸合作发展迅速,双方合作规模和领域都不断扩大,但是黑龙江省与俄罗斯的经贸合作依然面临着经贸合作主体弱小、进出口商品结构不合理、对俄投资合作缺少大企业参与和大项目带动、双边经贸合作环境欠佳等问题。运用变量回归分析方法和贸易引力模型分析2000年至2012年黑俄经贸合作情况,可以看出双方贸易规模的扩大对双方经济增长都起到了促进作用,未来双方仍然具有较大的合作潜力和发展空间。目前,黑龙江省与俄罗斯的经贸合作主要体现在劳务、贸易、投资、科技四个方面。在劳务方面,黑龙江省主要采取承包项目和劳务输出的方式与俄罗斯进行合作,但存在着项目完成后俄方不履约付款、劳务人员专业技术水平较低等问题,为进一步加强双边劳务合作,黑龙江省应当采取“独立式”承包项目以减少俄方的阻碍和违约情况,建立劳务输出人员培训机构,提升劳务人员的专业技能。在贸易方面,边境贸易是黑龙江省与俄罗斯贸易往来的主要方式,黑龙江省对俄贸易主要是进口资源密集型产品并出口劳动密集型产品,这种单一的进出口结构从长期看将制约双方的合作,为进一步加强双边贸易合作,黑龙江省可以建立生产加工基地,增加农产品的附加值,延长资源产品的产业链条,提升双边贸易层次。在投资方面,黑龙江省对俄投资合作方式主要是建立合资企业,投资领域集中在资源开发领域,而对俄投资企业大多为中小型民营企业,资金规模有限,制约了投资合作层次的提升,为进一步加强双边投资合作,黑龙江省可以参与俄方的基础设施建设,还可以以政府牵头与俄方共同建立商业银行,为双边投资企业提供金融服务。在科技方面,黑龙江省与俄罗斯的合作主要是建立对俄科技合作中心,从俄方引进技术设备和人才等,为进一步加强双边科技合作,黑龙江省应当在引进吸收俄方技术的基础上进行自主创新,还可以创建对俄合作高科技园区,提高双边的科研实力和科技合作层次,进而促进双边经贸合作的发展。
[Abstract]:In 2007, China and Russia established a strategic partnership, and the two countries changed from geopolitical cooperation to geo-economic cooperation. As a border province of northern China, Heilongjiang Province is adjacent to Russian geography. The two sides have a common boundary line of 3045 kilometers, and the economic and trade cooperation between the two sides has a unique geographical advantage and a foundation for cooperation. Heilongjiang Province and Russia have maintained good economic and trade cooperation for many years, and the two sides have achieved fruitful results in many fields, such as labor services, trade and investment. After the implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan of Heilongjiang Province and Russia's accession to the WTO, the policies and regulations of both sides will be changed. In order to further strengthen the economic and trade cooperation between Heilongjiang Province and Russia, expand the scale of trade with Russia and raise the level of bilateral economic and trade cooperation, Under the overall strategy of opening up along the border, Heilongjiang Province should make full use of its own advantages, adjust the policies of the two sides, constantly improve the path of economic and trade cooperation with Russia, and build Heilongjiang Province into a bridgehead and hub station for economic and trade cooperation with Russia. Although the economic and trade cooperation between Heilongjiang Province and Russia has developed rapidly in recent years, and the scale and field of bilateral cooperation have been continuously expanded, the economic and trade cooperation between Heilongjiang Province and Russia is still facing a weak economic and trade cooperation, and the structure of import and export commodities is unreasonable. The investment cooperation with Russia lacks the participation of large enterprises and big projects, and the environment of bilateral economic and trade cooperation is poor. Using the method of variable regression analysis and the trade gravity model to analyze the economic and trade cooperation between 2000 and 2012, we can see that the expansion of bilateral trade scale has played a role in promoting the economic growth of both sides. In the future, the two sides still have greater potential for cooperation and room for development. At present, Heilongjiang Province and Russia's economic and trade cooperation mainly reflected in labor, trade, investment, science and technology four aspects. In terms of labor services, Heilongjiang Province mainly cooperates with Russia by contracting projects and exporting labor services. However, there are problems such as Russia's failure to pay after the completion of the project, the low level of professional and technical expertise of labor workers, and so on. In order to further strengthen the bilateral labor service cooperation, Heilongjiang Province should adopt "independent" contract project to reduce the hindrance and breach of contract on the Russian side, establish labor export personnel training organization, and enhance the professional skills of labor service personnel. In terms of trade, border trade is the main way of trade between Heilongjiang Province and Russia. Heilongjiang's trade with Russia mainly involves importing resource-intensive products and exporting labor-intensive products. This single import and export structure will restrict bilateral cooperation in the long run. In order to further strengthen bilateral trade cooperation, Heilongjiang Province can establish production and processing bases, increase the added value of agricultural products, and prolong the industrial chain of resources products. Raise the level of bilateral trade. In terms of investment, Heilongjiang Province's investment and cooperation with Russia is mainly through the establishment of joint ventures, where investment is concentrated in the field of resource development, while most of the investment enterprises in Russia are small and medium-sized private enterprises with limited capital. In order to further strengthen bilateral investment cooperation, Heilongjiang Province can participate in the infrastructure construction of the Russian side, and it can also take the lead by the government to jointly establish commercial banks with the Russian side. Provide financial services to bilateral investment enterprises. In the field of science and technology, the cooperation between Heilongjiang Province and Russia is mainly to establish a scientific and technological cooperation center for Russia, to import technical equipment and talents from Russia, etc., in order to further strengthen bilateral scientific and technological cooperation, Heilongjiang Province should carry out independent innovation on the basis of importing and absorbing Russian technology, and can also establish high-tech parks for cooperation with Russia, raise the scientific research strength and the level of scientific and technological cooperation between the two sides, and then promote the development of bilateral economic and trade cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F125.5
本文编号：2138358
[Abstract]:In 2007, China and Russia established a strategic partnership, and the two countries changed from geopolitical cooperation to geo-economic cooperation. As a border province of northern China, Heilongjiang Province is adjacent to Russian geography. The two sides have a common boundary line of 3045 kilometers, and the economic and trade cooperation between the two sides has a unique geographical advantage and a foundation for cooperation. Heilongjiang Province and Russia have maintained good economic and trade cooperation for many years, and the two sides have achieved fruitful results in many fields, such as labor services, trade and investment. After the implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan of Heilongjiang Province and Russia's accession to the WTO, the policies and regulations of both sides will be changed. In order to further strengthen the economic and trade cooperation between Heilongjiang Province and Russia, expand the scale of trade with Russia and raise the level of bilateral economic and trade cooperation, Under the overall strategy of opening up along the border, Heilongjiang Province should make full use of its own advantages, adjust the policies of the two sides, constantly improve the path of economic and trade cooperation with Russia, and build Heilongjiang Province into a bridgehead and hub station for economic and trade cooperation with Russia. Although the economic and trade cooperation between Heilongjiang Province and Russia has developed rapidly in recent years, and the scale and field of bilateral cooperation have been continuously expanded, the economic and trade cooperation between Heilongjiang Province and Russia is still facing a weak economic and trade cooperation, and the structure of import and export commodities is unreasonable. The investment cooperation with Russia lacks the participation of large enterprises and big projects, and the environment of bilateral economic and trade cooperation is poor. Using the method of variable regression analysis and the trade gravity model to analyze the economic and trade cooperation between 2000 and 2012, we can see that the expansion of bilateral trade scale has played a role in promoting the economic growth of both sides. In the future, the two sides still have greater potential for cooperation and room for development. At present, Heilongjiang Province and Russia's economic and trade cooperation mainly reflected in labor, trade, investment, science and technology four aspects. In terms of labor services, Heilongjiang Province mainly cooperates with Russia by contracting projects and exporting labor services. However, there are problems such as Russia's failure to pay after the completion of the project, the low level of professional and technical expertise of labor workers, and so on. In order to further strengthen the bilateral labor service cooperation, Heilongjiang Province should adopt "independent" contract project to reduce the hindrance and breach of contract on the Russian side, establish labor export personnel training organization, and enhance the professional skills of labor service personnel. In terms of trade, border trade is the main way of trade between Heilongjiang Province and Russia. Heilongjiang's trade with Russia mainly involves importing resource-intensive products and exporting labor-intensive products. This single import and export structure will restrict bilateral cooperation in the long run. In order to further strengthen bilateral trade cooperation, Heilongjiang Province can establish production and processing bases, increase the added value of agricultural products, and prolong the industrial chain of resources products. Raise the level of bilateral trade. In terms of investment, Heilongjiang Province's investment and cooperation with Russia is mainly through the establishment of joint ventures, where investment is concentrated in the field of resource development, while most of the investment enterprises in Russia are small and medium-sized private enterprises with limited capital. In order to further strengthen bilateral investment cooperation, Heilongjiang Province can participate in the infrastructure construction of the Russian side, and it can also take the lead by the government to jointly establish commercial banks with the Russian side. Provide financial services to bilateral investment enterprises. In the field of science and technology, the cooperation between Heilongjiang Province and Russia is mainly to establish a scientific and technological cooperation center for Russia, to import technical equipment and talents from Russia, etc., in order to further strengthen bilateral scientific and technological cooperation, Heilongjiang Province should carry out independent innovation on the basis of importing and absorbing Russian technology, and can also establish high-tech parks for cooperation with Russia, raise the scientific research strength and the level of scientific and technological cooperation between the two sides, and then promote the development of bilateral economic and trade cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F125.5
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