城市土地要素在经济增长中的贡献研究

发布时间：2018-08-13 15:18

【摘要】：威廉·配弟在1662年曾提出“土地是财富之母，劳动是财富之父和能动因素”，李嘉图也曾指出，在价值理论中土地要素是关键之一。由此可见，土地要素在人类生存、社会生产中发挥着不可替代的作用，它是人类赖以生存与发展的物质基础，是社会经济的空间和载体，为一切活动提供了土地支撑，并伴随着人类社会的进步、科学科技水平的提高在不断演变着。主流经济学家在研究经济增长及其影响因素时，考虑最多的因素就是资本、劳动力、技术进步，大多数研究也是围绕着这三个要素展开的。基于发达的市场经济体制，国外将土地要素作为重要指标来计算经济贡献率，而是将土地要素的贡献纳入到了资本要素之中进行考虑。但是，中国作为一个发展中国家，其经济形势与发达国家还存在着差异性、特殊性，又考虑到处在工业化、城市化这一特殊时期，政府对土地要素的供应量不断增加，这些现实背景引起了人们的广泛关注。因此，本文致力于研究在工业化城市化的进程中，我国城市土地要素在经济增长中的贡献率水平。本文对经济增长理论进行了系统回顾，对十几年来我国土地利用的现状进行分析总结，为实证分析城市土地要素在经济增长中的贡献奠定坚实的理论基础和现实背景。首先，本文选取1995—2011年的全国数据，运用计量分析工具对城市土地要素在经济增长中的贡献进行分析，结果表明经济增长与资本、劳动力、土地要素之间存在长期均衡关系，并得出大规模的土地要素投入在经济增长做出了突出贡献，，其贡献率达到了13.92%。然后，运用同时一时间段的省际面板数据，对我国土地要素在经济增长中的贡献进行测算，其贡献率达到了12.45%。对省市面板数据分东中西部分别测算土地要素贡献率，测算结果分别为8.64%、25.64%、10.23%。其中，东部地区土地要素的贡献率最小，但是东部地区的资本要素的贡献最为突出，这与东部地区较高的经济发展水平是密不可分的；中部地区土地要素的贡献率最大，且高达25.64%，其主要是由于经济增长过程中对土地要素的高依赖性造成的；西部地区土地要素的贡献率居于中间位置，达到了10.23%，资本要素和政府政策的外力推动作用提升了土地要素在经济中的贡献力水平。对全国土地要素在经济增长中的贡献水平研究，本文给出的对策建议为：合理规划城市土地资源，实现土地的集约利用；加强城市土地的循环利用，提高土地的利用效率。面对我国各区域土地要素在经济增长中贡献力水平的差异，本文所提出的对策建议是：合理规划东部土地资源，盘活城市存量土地；推动中部地区的产业结构调整，优化用地结构；根据西部地区政策支撑、科学规划，改善土地的利用效率。。
[Abstract]:William and his brother put forward in 1662 that "land is the mother of wealth, labor is the father and dynamic factor of wealth". Ricardo also pointed out that land is one of the key factors in the theory of value. Thus, land elements play an irreplaceable role in human survival and social production. It is the material basis for human survival and development, the space and carrier of social economy, and provides land support for all activities. And with the progress of human society, the level of science and technology is constantly evolving. When the mainstream economists study economic growth and its influencing factors, the most important factors are capital, labor force and technological progress. Most of the studies are carried out around these three factors. Based on the developed market economy system, foreign countries take the land factor as an important index to calculate the economic contribution rate, but to take the contribution of the land factor into consideration in the capital element. However, as a developing country, the economic situation of China is still different from that of developed countries. These realistic background has aroused people's widespread concern. Therefore, this paper is devoted to study the contribution rate of urban land elements in economic growth in the process of industrialization and urbanization. This paper systematically reviews the theory of economic growth, analyzes and summarizes the present situation of land use in China in the past ten years, and lays a solid theoretical foundation and realistic background for the empirical analysis of the contribution of urban land elements to economic growth. First of all, this paper selects the national data from 1995 to 2011 to analyze the contribution of urban land elements in economic growth by means of econometric analysis. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between economic growth and capital, labor, and land elements. It is concluded that large scale input of land elements has made outstanding contribution to economic growth, and its contribution rate has reached 13.92%. Then, using inter-provincial panel data of a time period, the contribution of land elements in economic growth in China is measured, and the contribution rate reaches 12.45%. The contribution rate of land elements is calculated by dividing the provincial and municipal panel data into east, west and west, and the result is 8.64% 25.64% and 10.23% respectively. The contribution rate of land elements in the eastern region is the smallest, but the contribution of capital elements in the eastern region is the most prominent, which is closely related to the higher economic development level in the eastern region, and the contribution rate of the land elements in the central region is the largest. And as high as 25.64, which is mainly due to the high dependence on land elements in the process of economic growth, and the contribution rate of land elements in the western region is in the middle. At 10.23, the contribution of the land factor to the economy is enhanced by the external force of the capital factor and the government policy. Based on the study of the contribution level of the land elements in the national economic growth, the countermeasures and suggestions in this paper are as follows: rational planning of urban land resources, realizing intensive use of land, strengthening the recycling of urban land and improving the efficiency of land use. In the face of the difference in the contribution of land elements in different regions of China in the economic growth, the countermeasures put forward in this paper are: rationally planning the land resources in the east, activating the urban land stock, promoting the adjustment of the industrial structure in the central region, Optimize the structure of land use; according to the western region policy support, scientific planning, improve the efficiency of land use.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F301.2;F124.1

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