成渝城市群创新能力评价研究

发布时间：2018-09-15 05:19

【摘要】：长江经济带跨越我国东中西三大区域,是推进区域经济协调发展的重要载体。2016年《长江经济带发展规划纲要》的发布标志着以城市群为核心的城镇空间格局得到进一步优化,城市群进入加速发展期。成渝城市群经济增长主要依靠投资驱动和要素驱动,创新在经济增长中的作用不显著,创新是增强城市群核心带动作用的关键。《成渝城市群发展规划2016-2020》中指出要把成渝城市群建成西部创新驱动先导区,提高创新能力以增强核心带动作用,这既是区域经济发展理念的重大突破,也是促进长江经济带发展,缩小区域经济差异,实现区域经济协调发展的现实选择。为建成西部创新驱动先导区,成渝城市群必须提高创新能力,依靠创新带动经济增长,通过提高创新能力来增强核心带动作用。城市群的创新活动具有系统性、综合性和动态性,是多个创新主体各种创新行为的集合,只有对成渝城市群当下的创新能力有一个较为透彻的认知和评价,才能充分利用已有创新资源,培育壮大创新能力。因此,评价成渝城市群创新能力是提升其创新能力的关键与前提,而提高创新能力是建成西部创新驱动先导区的关键着力点。城市群创新是群内的创新主体运用多种创新资源开展创新活动从而形成创新产出的过程,不是单个创新主体创新行为的反映,而是多个创新主体各种创新行为的综合体现,是动态变化的,包含城市群创新实力和城市群创新潜力两个方面,创新实力反映当下的创新基础,创新潜力反映创新的增长速度和创新增长空间。2011年国务院批复《成渝经济区规划》,2016年经国务院同意《成渝城市群规划2016-2020》正式颁发,鉴于此,本文选用2011-2015年的数据,采用定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,依据增长极理论、创新理论和创新系统理论,以中国科技发展战略研究小组构建的区域创新能力评价指标体系为蓝本构建评价指标,包含知识创新能力、知识获取能力、企业创新能力、创新支撑能力、创新综合产出五项子系统。首先,利用熵值法从从整体层面对成渝城市群的创新实力和创新潜力进行评价,把成渝城市群与长江经济带其余两大城市群,即与成熟型城市群长三角城市群和发展型城市群长中游城市群进行对比分析,从整体上把握成渝城市群的创新实力和创新潜力;其次,对成渝城市群内部区域的创新实力和创新潜力进行评价,成渝城市群由26个成员城市构成,这些城市是区域性中心城市或战略性新兴产业集群区,其创新能力的提升对于整个城市群经济的发展意义重大,整体评价与内部评价相结合可以对成渝城市群的创新能力有一个更具体的认知;最后,对成渝城市群各成员城市的创新实力和创新潜力综合评价值进行聚类分析,从中总结成渝城市群创新能力的发展规律,并依据实证分析结果,提出政策建议。经过研究,结论有:(1)成渝城市群现阶段的创新实力远低于长三角游城市群,且两者差距有扩大趋势,但成渝城市群拥有较高的创新增长速度和较大的创新增长潜力,创新增长空间较大;成都市各项子系统的创新实力值最高,但其创新潜力不如内江市、遂宁市等。(2)成渝城市群企业创新实力较低,企业在创新中的作用不突出。从整体评价来看,成渝城市群的企业创新实力远低于长三角城市群,也低于长中游城市群;从内部区域评价来看,各区(市)的企业创新实力不高,企业创新的增速度和增长潜力也不突出。企业在创新中的主体作用尚未得到充分发挥,但企业创新在城市群创新能力评价中的作用较大,企业创新能力偏低直接决定了现阶段成渝城市群的创新能力不高。(3)成渝城市群的知识创新实力、知识获取实力、创新支撑实力和创新综合产出实力仅次于长三角城市群,但差距较大,而与长中游城市群相比差距不大,两者同处城市群发展阶段,现阶段的创新基础和创新水平比较接近;成渝城市群拥有最高的知识创新潜力和创新综合产出潜力,其知识获取潜力、创新支撑潜力仅次于长中游城市群,位居第二,这些表明成渝城市群已具备了一定的创新基础,但仍有许多改进空间。(4)成渝城市群各成员城市的创新潜力相差不大,创新增长空间巨大。高创新实力和高创新潜力的区(市)较少,成都市、绵阳市、渝北区属于创新实力较高的一二类区域,内江市、遂宁市属于创新潜力较高的一二类区域。从创新潜力的聚类结果来看,大部分区(市)都属于三四类区域,共有内江市、遂宁市、江北区、沙坪坝区、永川区、巴南区等23个区(市),这两类城市的聚类中心分别为1.23和1.22,差距非常小,因此各区(市)的创新潜力相差不大,成员城市具有较大的创新增长空间。据研究结论,本文从鼓励区域性中心城市的企业创新活动、加强高创新潜力区域的人才培育力度、鼓励内部区域之间开展创新交流活动、提升创新支撑能力、鼓励发明创造等方面提出政策建议,以期为提高成渝城市群创新能力提供现实参考。
[Abstract]:The Yangtze River Economic Belt, which spans three major regions of China, is an important carrier to promote the coordinated development of regional economy. The publication of the Outline of Development Planning for the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2016 marked the further optimization of the urban spatial pattern with the urban agglomeration as the core and the acceleration of the urban agglomeration. Innovation is the key to enhancing the core driving role of urban agglomeration. points out that Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration should be built into the western innovation driving pilot area, and the innovation ability should be improved to enhance the core driving role, which is the concept of regional economic development. The major breakthrough is also a realistic choice to promote the development of the Yangtze River economic belt, narrow the regional economic differences and realize the coordinated development of regional economy. Activities are systematic, comprehensive and dynamic, and are the aggregation of various innovative behaviors of multiple innovative subjects. Only with a thorough understanding and evaluation of the innovative ability of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration, can we make full use of the existing innovative resources and cultivate and strengthen the innovative ability. Therefore, evaluating the innovative ability of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration is to enhance its innovative ability. The innovation of urban agglomeration is a process in which the innovative subjects in the agglomeration use a variety of innovative resources to carry out innovative activities and thus form innovative output. It is not a reflection of the innovative behavior of individual innovative subjects, but a reflection of various innovative behaviors of multiple innovative subjects. The comprehensive manifestation of the behavior is dynamic change, including the innovation strength of urban agglomerations and the innovation potential of urban agglomerations. The innovation strength reflects the current innovation foundation, and the innovation potential reflects the innovation growth speed and innovation growth space. In view of this, this paper chooses the data from 2011 to 2015, combines qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, based on the growth pole theory, innovation theory and innovation system theory, and takes the evaluation index system of regional innovation capability constructed by China Science and Technology Development Strategy Research Group as the blueprint to construct the evaluation index system, which contains knowledge. Firstly, the paper evaluates the innovation strength and innovation potential of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration from the whole level by using entropy method, and makes a comparison between the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration and the other two major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, namely, the Yangtze River Delta City with the mature urban agglomeration. This paper makes a comparative analysis between the urban agglomeration and the development-oriented urban agglomeration in the middle and long reaches of the city, and grasps the innovative strength and potential of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration as a whole. Secondly, it evaluates the innovative strength and potential of the inner region of the urban agglomeration. The Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration consists of 26 member cities, which are regional central cities or strategic cities. The promotion of the innovation capability of the new industrial clusters is of great significance to the economic development of the whole urban agglomeration. The combination of the overall evaluation and the internal evaluation can have a more specific understanding of the innovation capability of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation value of the innovation capability and innovation potential of the member cities of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration is clustered. This paper summarizes the development law of innovation ability of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration, and puts forward some policy suggestions based on the results of empirical analysis. Chengdu has the highest value of innovation strength, but its innovation potential is not as good as Neijiang and Suining. (2) Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration has a lower innovation strength and its role in innovation is not prominent. The main role of enterprises in innovation has not been fully played, but the role of enterprise innovation in the evaluation of innovation capability of urban agglomerations is greater, and the innovation capability of enterprises is on the low side. The innovation ability of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration is not high at present. (3) The knowledge innovation strength, knowledge acquisition strength, innovation support strength and innovation comprehensive output strength of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration are only inferior to those of Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, but the gap is bigger, and the gap is not big compared with the urban agglomeration of the middle and long reaches. Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration has the highest potential of knowledge innovation and comprehensive output of innovation, and its potential of knowledge acquisition and innovation support is second only to the long and middle reaches of urban agglomeration, which shows that Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration has a certain innovation foundation, but there is still much room for improvement. The innovation potential of each member city of the city group is not much different, and the innovation growth space is huge. There are fewer regions (cities) with high innovation strength and high innovation potential. Chengdu, Mianyang and Yubei are the first and second regions with high innovation strength. Neijiang and Suining are the first and second regions with high innovation potential. Some districts (cities) belong to three or four types of regions, including Neijiang City, Suining City, Jiangbei District, Shapingba District, Yongchuan District and Banan District. The cluster centers of these two types of cities are 1.23 and 1.22, respectively. The gap is very small, so the innovation potential of each district (city) is not very different, and the member cities have great innovation growth space. This paper puts forward some policy suggestions from the aspects of encouraging the innovation activities of enterprises in regional central cities, strengthening the cultivation of talents in regions with high innovation potential, encouraging innovation exchanges among internal regions, enhancing the supporting capacity of innovation and encouraging invention and creation, in order to provide practical reference for improving the innovation ability of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F127

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