进入、退出与企业生产率增长
发布时间：2018-11-12 15:20
【摘要】：经济体制开始改革后,行政管制逐渐放松,进入壁垒也逐步下降,中国工业部门的大部分产业开始允许非国有资本的进入,另外,非国有企业的进入逐渐分割了国有企业的市场份额与垄断利润,竞争的加强也促使国有企业必须开始变革。本文在这样的背景下研究市场竞争与企业生产率之间的关系。实证结果显示企业生产率会随着时间变化而增长,但是同一年份的企业生产率会表现出实质性差异,而这与行业企业进入退出有很大的关系。中国企业的进入退出比例高于世界平均水平,成熟市场经济国家的工业企业的平均进入率在3.2%一8.2%之间,而中国企业表现出的进入率退出率分别为29.8%、21%,并且这些企业的产出所占行业总产值比重也非常可观。本文研究表明进入企业生产率显著高于退出企业生产率；对于大部分行业来说进入企业生产率要高于存活企业生产率；退出企业生产率显著低于存活企业生产率；新进入企业如果继续存活至下一期,那么其下一期的生产率要显著高于前一期的生产率。通过对企业生产率的分解,结果显示,进入退出效应所引起的企业生产率变化占整个生产率变化的30-60%不等,这说明企业的进入和退出对中国制造业的生产率变化具有重大影响。最后进一步研究进入退出所代表的市场竞争对企业生产率的具体影响,结果发现其影响为正显著,而且不同所有制的影响系数也不一样。
[Abstract]:After the reform of the economic system, administrative controls were gradually relaxed and barriers to entry were gradually lowered. Most industries in China's industrial sector began to allow the entry of non-state-owned capital. In addition, The entry of non-state-owned enterprises has gradually divided the market share and monopoly profit of state-owned enterprises. In this context, this paper studies the relationship between market competition and enterprise productivity. The empirical results show that the productivity of enterprises will increase with time, but the productivity of enterprises in the same year will show substantial differences, which has a great relationship with the entry and exit of industry firms. The proportion of entry and exit of Chinese enterprises is higher than the world average. The average entry rate of industrial enterprises in mature market economies ranges from 3.2% to 8.2%, while that of Chinese enterprises is 29.8%. And the output of these enterprises as a proportion of the gross output of the industry is also very substantial. The research shows that the productivity of entry enterprises is significantly higher than that of exiting enterprises; for most industries, the productivity of entry enterprises is higher than that of viable enterprises; the productivity of exiting enterprises is significantly lower than that of viable enterprises. If new entrants continue to survive until the next, their productivity in the next period is significantly higher than in the previous period. Through the decomposition of enterprise productivity, the results show that the change of enterprise productivity caused by the effect of entry and exit accounts for 30-60% of the total productivity change. This indicates that the entry and withdrawal of enterprises have a significant impact on the productivity change of Chinese manufacturing industry. Finally, we further study the specific influence of the market competition represented by entry and exit on the enterprise productivity. The results show that the influence is significant, and the influence coefficient of different ownership is different.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124
本文编号：2327495
[Abstract]:After the reform of the economic system, administrative controls were gradually relaxed and barriers to entry were gradually lowered. Most industries in China's industrial sector began to allow the entry of non-state-owned capital. In addition, The entry of non-state-owned enterprises has gradually divided the market share and monopoly profit of state-owned enterprises. In this context, this paper studies the relationship between market competition and enterprise productivity. The empirical results show that the productivity of enterprises will increase with time, but the productivity of enterprises in the same year will show substantial differences, which has a great relationship with the entry and exit of industry firms. The proportion of entry and exit of Chinese enterprises is higher than the world average. The average entry rate of industrial enterprises in mature market economies ranges from 3.2% to 8.2%, while that of Chinese enterprises is 29.8%. And the output of these enterprises as a proportion of the gross output of the industry is also very substantial. The research shows that the productivity of entry enterprises is significantly higher than that of exiting enterprises; for most industries, the productivity of entry enterprises is higher than that of viable enterprises; the productivity of exiting enterprises is significantly lower than that of viable enterprises. If new entrants continue to survive until the next, their productivity in the next period is significantly higher than in the previous period. Through the decomposition of enterprise productivity, the results show that the change of enterprise productivity caused by the effect of entry and exit accounts for 30-60% of the total productivity change. This indicates that the entry and withdrawal of enterprises have a significant impact on the productivity change of Chinese manufacturing industry. Finally, we further study the specific influence of the market competition represented by entry and exit on the enterprise productivity. The results show that the influence is significant, and the influence coefficient of different ownership is different.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 陈勇兵;仉荣;曹亮;;中间品进口会促进企业生产率增长吗——基于中国企业微观数据的分析[J];财贸经济;2012年03期
，本文编号：2327495
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