基于人力资本投资视角的山东省城乡收入差距研究

发布时间：2018-11-19 21:45

【摘要】：经济体制改革,使我国经济得到了快速发展,人均收入有了很大提高,人民的生活水平也有了很大改善,但经济快速增长伴随的负面效应如城乡收入差距,也在逐步显现。城乡收入差距的不断扩大,不仅会带来消费不足的困境,甚至会激化社会矛盾,危及政治稳定。城乡收入差距已经成了政府和人民关注的焦点。在此背景下,本文在已有研究的基础上,以山东省为研究对象,运用文献梳理法、比较分析法以及实证分析法,系统的研究了人力资本投资对城乡收入差距的影响。首先,对人力资本理论以及城乡收入差距理论进行梳理：其次,对山东省城乡收入差距以及人力资本投资差距进行现状分析。分析过程中,在时间样本期内,对城乡收入差距分阶段进行分析,并从影响城乡收入差距的外部因素作出解释。对城乡人力资本投资差距的分析,主要通过图表法,并对造成城乡人力资本投资差距的原因做出了分析说明；最后,从实证的角度分析了二者的相关关系。计量分析中,忽略了干中学投资的作用,用教育投资、健康投资以及迁移投资三个部分来衡量人力资本投资,通过建立计量模型,利用1990-2011年的数据,量化分析了人力资本投资对城乡收入差距的影响。。研究表明：教育投资的系数为负,缩小城乡教育投资差距会带来城乡收入差距的扩大,造成这一现象的主要原因为农村人力资本流失为城镇人力资本；健康投资的系数为正,缩小城乡医疗保健投资差距以及食品支出投资差距对城乡收入差距的扩大起到抑制作用；迁移投资系数为正,即缩小城乡迁移投资支出差距能够促进城乡收入差距的缩小。最后,在已有结论的基础上,文章针对山东省城乡收入差距过大的现象提出了两点对策建议,主要从增加农村人力资本投资和减少农村人力资本流失两个方面。
[Abstract]:With the reform of economic system, the economy of our country has been developed rapidly, the per capita income has been greatly improved, and the living standard of the people has been greatly improved. However, the negative effects of rapid economic growth, such as the income gap between urban and rural areas, are also gradually appearing. The widening income gap between urban and rural areas will not only bring about the plight of insufficient consumption, but also intensify social contradictions and endanger political stability. Urban and rural income gap has become the focus of attention of the government and the people. Under this background, this paper, on the basis of the existing research, taking Shandong Province as the research object, systematically studies the influence of human capital investment on the income gap between urban and rural areas by means of literature combing, comparative analysis and empirical analysis. Firstly, the theory of human capital and urban-rural income gap are combed. Secondly, the current situation of Shandong Province urban-rural income gap and human capital investment gap is analyzed. In the process of analysis, in the time sample period, the income gap between urban and rural areas is analyzed in stages, and the external factors that affect the income gap between urban and rural areas are explained. The analysis of the gap between urban and rural human capital investment, mainly through the chart method, and the causes of the gap between urban and rural human capital investment are analyzed. Finally, from the perspective of empirical analysis of the relationship between the two. In the econometric analysis, the role of investment in dry middle school is neglected, and the investment in human capital is measured by three parts: education investment, health investment and migration investment. Through the establishment of measurement model, the data from 1990 to 2011 are used. Quantitative analysis of the impact of human capital investment on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The study shows that the coefficient of education investment is negative, narrowing the gap between urban and rural education investment will lead to the widening of urban-rural income gap, the main reason for this phenomenon is the loss of rural human capital as urban human capital; The coefficient of health investment is positive, narrowing the gap of urban and rural health care investment and the gap of food expenditure investment play a restraining role on the expansion of urban-rural income gap; The coefficient of migration investment is positive, that is to say, narrowing the gap of urban and rural investment expenditure can promote the narrowing of urban-rural income gap. Finally, on the basis of the existing conclusions, this paper puts forward two countermeasures and suggestions in view of the phenomenon of excessive income gap between urban and rural areas in Shandong Province, mainly from two aspects: increasing rural human capital investment and reducing the loss of rural human capital.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F249.21;F124.7

【参考文献】