云南资源型城市产业结构升级中的人力资本研究

发布时间：2018-12-07 13:50

【摘要】：世界经济发展研究表明，大多数矿产资源丰裕的国家在因资源开采加工而经济飞速发展过后，都不同程度的出现了产业结构过于单一、经济收益递减、经济增长放缓、环境污染严重、结构性失业增多以及贸易条件恶化等问题，导致了巨大的收入分配差距、严重的经济危机和社会矛盾。良好的自然资源优势，不仅没有带来经济的持续增长，反而使经济发展受到牵累，，陷入“资源优势陷阱”。通过观察多个矿产资源丰裕型国家的经济发展指标了解到：矿产资源的开采利用与经济增长之间呈现出反向变动的关系，这种现象被称为“资源诅咒”。陷入“资源诅咒”的国家或地区怎样走出资源经济困境，实现经济可持续发展已经成为世界各资源丰裕型国家重点关注的问题之一。“资源诅咒”现象不仅成为发展经济学的重要研究课题，同时也受到了资源经济学、技术经济学、产业经济学学者们的关注。各学者从不同角度对资源型问题提出了自己的看法，本文试图从人力资本视角来研究资源型城市产业结构升级问题，对人力资本与资源型产业升级之间的关系进行讨论研究。本文主要采用经济学理论对资源型产业中的人力资本与产业升级之间的关系进行理论研究，并用数量经济学实证研究方法进行实证分析。论证资源型产业发展对人力资本的挤出效应，以及人力资本缺失对城市产业结构造成的锁定效应。人力资本与产业结构之间相互锁定，形成恶性循环，阻碍了资源型城市经济的可持续发展。在理论研究的基础上，以云南省为例，建立了包含人力资本因素的资源型经济可持续发展模型，从实证资料数据来分析云南产业经济的影响因素。得到了人力资本积累是产业经济得以快速发展的主要原因，提高现有人力资本水平、加快人力资本积累是云南资源型产业经济可持续发展的重要前提。云南作为一个典型的资源大省，资源型产业在云南省的产业结构中占主导地位，但云南在全国的区域竞争力不强，承接发达国家以及我国东部地区产业转移的能力较弱。云南经济要取得长远发展，必须充分发挥资源丰裕优势，提高人力资本存量，逐步实现产业结构升级，才能提高资源型城市经济综合实力。对以不可再生资源为基础的矿产业，要通过技术创兴、技术改造、产品升级、开发新产品等方式增加产业附加值，延长产业链，促进产业结构升级，来推动经济可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Research on world economic development shows that after the rapid economic development of most countries with abundant mineral resources due to the exploitation and processing of resources, the industrial structure is too single, the economic returns decline, and the economic growth slows down in varying degrees. The serious environmental pollution, the increase of structural unemployment and the deterioration of the terms of trade have led to a huge income distribution gap, serious economic crisis and social contradictions. Good natural resources advantage, not only does not bring the sustained economic growth, but also makes the economic development suffer from constraints, and fall into the "resource advantage trap". By observing the economic development indexes of many rich mineral resources countries, we can find out that the relationship between the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources and economic growth shows a reverse change, which is called "resource curse". How to get rid of the predicament of resource economy and how to realize the sustainable development of economy have become one of the most important problems of the resource-rich countries in the world. The phenomenon of "resource curse" has not only become an important research topic in development economics, but also been concerned by the scholars of resource economics, technical economics and industrial economics. Various scholars put forward their own views on resource-based issues from different angles. This paper attempts to study the upgrading of industrial structure in resource-based cities from the perspective of human capital, and discuss the relationship between human capital and resource-based industrial upgrading. This paper mainly uses economic theory to study the relationship between human capital and industrial upgrading in resource-based industry, and carries on empirical analysis with quantitative economics empirical research method. This paper demonstrates the extrusion effect of the development of resource-based industry on human capital and the locking effect of the lack of human capital on the urban industrial structure. Human capital and industrial structure lock each other, forming a vicious circle, which hinders the sustainable development of resource-based city economy. On the basis of theoretical research, taking Yunnan Province as an example, this paper establishes a sustainable development model of resource-based economy with human capital factors, and analyzes the influencing factors of Yunnan's industrial economy from empirical data. Human capital accumulation is the main reason for the rapid development of the industrial economy. It is an important prerequisite for the sustainable development of Yunnan resource-based industrial economy to improve the existing human capital level and accelerate the human capital accumulation. As a typical resource province, the resource-based industry plays a leading role in the industrial structure of Yunnan Province, but Yunnan is not strong in the regional competitiveness of the whole country, and its ability to undertake industrial transfer in developed countries and eastern regions of China is relatively weak. In order to obtain the long-term development of Yunnan economy, it is necessary to give full play to the advantages of abundant resources, improve the stock of human capital, and gradually realize the upgrading of industrial structure, so as to improve the comprehensive economic strength of resource-based cities. In order to promote the sustainable development of economy, the mining industry based on non-renewable resources should increase the added value of industry, prolong the industrial chain and promote the upgrading of industrial structure by means of technological innovation, technological transformation, product upgrading and development of new products.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F249.21;F121.3

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