低碳经济背景下山东省加工贸易转型升级研究
发布时间：2018-12-17 21:23
【摘要】：当前全球范围内的气候变暖导致生态环境急剧恶化，人们的生产生活方式潜移默化的受到影响，低碳经济发展模式顺其自然逐渐进入人们的视野，并在世界范围内掀起一股新的浪潮。改革开放以来，中国城镇化、工业化步伐明显加快，能源消耗猛增导致二氧化碳排放呈现持续增长的趋势。有关数据显示，近年来，我国二氧化碳排放急剧增长，在2006年已超越美国，成为世界第一大碳排放国。因此，实施低碳经济迫在眉睫。加工贸易作为主要贸易方式，在出口商品中存在着大量的贸易隐含碳排放问题。碳排放超标导致环境污染、生态破坏，威胁人民的身体健康，并且对经济可持续发展造成严重影响。山东省出口加工贸易产品多为高耗能、高投入、低产出的高碳经济发展模式，易造成对外贸易和低碳经济发展的失衡现象。随着低碳经济时代的来临，山东省节能减排压力逐渐增大，尤其是占大量出口份额的加工贸易。在低碳经济背景下，如何促进山东省对外加工贸易转型升级成为关注的焦点。 文章采取的分析方法是将理论分析和实证分析相互结合。一方面，整理归纳加工贸易以及低碳经济的相关概念，，分析山东省加工贸易发展现状、低碳经济发展现状，在此基础上，分析低碳经济背景下山东省加工贸易转型升级的必要性，主要体现在五个方面：资源短缺和环境恶化，要求加工贸易实现低碳可持续发展；加工贸易政策收紧，迫使企业转型升级；劳动密集型和资源密集型产品竞争能力下降；推动加工贸易行业创新、实现跨越式发展；加工贸易出口面临新型贸易保护主义的挑战。另一方面，借助E-views软件利用OLS模型，使用ADF检验、协整检验、Granger因果检验等现代数理分析手段，分析研究碳排放总量与山东省加工贸易之间的相关关系，通过模型验证了山东省加工贸易中确实隐含存在大量碳排放问题，由此可以得出结论，山东省加工贸易亟须转型升级，发展低碳经济势在必行。在此基础上，总结低碳经济背景下发展加工贸易存在的问题，主要体现在：加工贸易国内耗能过多，生态环境压力加剧；“两资一高”加工贸易企业较多；核心技术缺乏，自主品牌缺失；加工贸易产品附加值低，加工贸易产业联动和外溢效应不足；国家相关政策制约的不利影响。通过存在的问题，提出如何在低碳背景下实现我省加工贸易转型升级，即：改变加工贸易高碳型发展路径，不断地向低碳绿色型模式转变；改变加工贸易当中的高碳型发展模式，逐步向节约环保型转变；增强山东加工贸易进出口企业的自我研发能力；调整加工贸易产业结构，延伸产业价值链；大力发展低碳经济性加工贸易产业；强化政府推动和政策支持，加强海关的监管力度。
[Abstract]:At present, the global warming results in the rapid deterioration of the ecological environment, the subtle impact on people's way of production and life, and the development model of low-carbon economy gradually entering people's vision. And set off a new wave around the world. Since the reform and opening up, the pace of urbanization and industrialization in China has been quickened, and the rapid increase in energy consumption has led to a sustained increase in carbon dioxide emissions. According to the relevant data, China's carbon dioxide emissions have increased sharply in recent years, and in 2006 it overtook the United States to become the world's largest carbon emitter. Therefore, the implementation of low-carbon economy is imminent. Processing trade as the main way of trade, there are a large number of trade implied carbon emissions in export commodities. Excessive carbon emissions lead to environmental pollution, ecological damage, threaten people's health, and have a serious impact on sustainable economic development. The export processing trade products of Shandong Province are high energy consumption, high input, low output high carbon economic development model, which is easy to cause the imbalance between foreign trade and low carbon economy development. With the advent of low-carbon economy, the pressure of energy saving and emission reduction in Shandong Province is gradually increasing, especially the processing trade, which accounts for a large share of export. Under the background of low-carbon economy, how to promote the transformation and upgrading of Shandong's foreign processing trade has become the focus of attention. The analytical method adopted in this paper is to combine theoretical analysis with empirical analysis. On the one hand, it summarizes the related concepts of processing trade and low-carbon economy, analyzes the present situation of processing trade and low-carbon economy in Shandong Province, and on this basis, This paper analyzes the necessity of the transformation and upgrading of processing trade in Shandong Province under the background of low carbon economy, which is mainly reflected in five aspects: the shortage of resources and the deterioration of environment, which require processing trade to realize the sustainable development of low carbon; The tightening of processing trade policy has forced enterprises to transform and upgrade; the competitiveness of labor-intensive and resource-intensive products has declined; the process trade industry has been promoted to innovate and achieve leap-forward development; processing trade exports are facing the challenge of new trade protectionism. On the other hand, by using OLS model, ADF test, cointegration test, Granger causality test and so on, the paper analyzes the correlation between total carbon emissions and processing trade in Shandong Province. It is proved by the model that there are a lot of carbon emission problems in processing trade in Shandong Province. It can be concluded that Shandong processing trade needs to be transformed and upgraded urgently, and it is imperative to develop low-carbon economy. On this basis, the problems existing in the development of processing trade under the background of low-carbon economy are summarized, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: excessive domestic energy consumption in processing trade, increasing pressure on the ecological environment, more and more processing trade enterprises with "two capital and one high capital"; Lack of core technology, lack of independent brand, low added value of processed trade products, insufficient linkage and spillover effect of processing trade industry, adverse effects of relevant national policy constraints. Through the existing problems, the paper puts forward how to realize the transformation and upgrading of processing trade in our province under the low carbon background, that is, changing the high-carbon development path of processing trade and changing to the low-carbon green model; Changing the development mode of high carbon type in processing trade, gradually changing to saving environmental protection type, strengthening the self-research and development ability of Shandong processing trade import and export enterprises, adjusting the industrial structure of processing trade, extending the industrial value chain; Vigorously develop low-carbon economy processing trade industry, strengthen government promotion and policy support, and strengthen customs supervision.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F752.68;F124.5
本文编号：2384816
[Abstract]:At present, the global warming results in the rapid deterioration of the ecological environment, the subtle impact on people's way of production and life, and the development model of low-carbon economy gradually entering people's vision. And set off a new wave around the world. Since the reform and opening up, the pace of urbanization and industrialization in China has been quickened, and the rapid increase in energy consumption has led to a sustained increase in carbon dioxide emissions. According to the relevant data, China's carbon dioxide emissions have increased sharply in recent years, and in 2006 it overtook the United States to become the world's largest carbon emitter. Therefore, the implementation of low-carbon economy is imminent. Processing trade as the main way of trade, there are a large number of trade implied carbon emissions in export commodities. Excessive carbon emissions lead to environmental pollution, ecological damage, threaten people's health, and have a serious impact on sustainable economic development. The export processing trade products of Shandong Province are high energy consumption, high input, low output high carbon economic development model, which is easy to cause the imbalance between foreign trade and low carbon economy development. With the advent of low-carbon economy, the pressure of energy saving and emission reduction in Shandong Province is gradually increasing, especially the processing trade, which accounts for a large share of export. Under the background of low-carbon economy, how to promote the transformation and upgrading of Shandong's foreign processing trade has become the focus of attention. The analytical method adopted in this paper is to combine theoretical analysis with empirical analysis. On the one hand, it summarizes the related concepts of processing trade and low-carbon economy, analyzes the present situation of processing trade and low-carbon economy in Shandong Province, and on this basis, This paper analyzes the necessity of the transformation and upgrading of processing trade in Shandong Province under the background of low carbon economy, which is mainly reflected in five aspects: the shortage of resources and the deterioration of environment, which require processing trade to realize the sustainable development of low carbon; The tightening of processing trade policy has forced enterprises to transform and upgrade; the competitiveness of labor-intensive and resource-intensive products has declined; the process trade industry has been promoted to innovate and achieve leap-forward development; processing trade exports are facing the challenge of new trade protectionism. On the other hand, by using OLS model, ADF test, cointegration test, Granger causality test and so on, the paper analyzes the correlation between total carbon emissions and processing trade in Shandong Province. It is proved by the model that there are a lot of carbon emission problems in processing trade in Shandong Province. It can be concluded that Shandong processing trade needs to be transformed and upgraded urgently, and it is imperative to develop low-carbon economy. On this basis, the problems existing in the development of processing trade under the background of low-carbon economy are summarized, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: excessive domestic energy consumption in processing trade, increasing pressure on the ecological environment, more and more processing trade enterprises with "two capital and one high capital"; Lack of core technology, lack of independent brand, low added value of processed trade products, insufficient linkage and spillover effect of processing trade industry, adverse effects of relevant national policy constraints. Through the existing problems, the paper puts forward how to realize the transformation and upgrading of processing trade in our province under the low carbon background, that is, changing the high-carbon development path of processing trade and changing to the low-carbon green model; Changing the development mode of high carbon type in processing trade, gradually changing to saving environmental protection type, strengthening the self-research and development ability of Shandong processing trade import and export enterprises, adjusting the industrial structure of processing trade, extending the industrial value chain; Vigorously develop low-carbon economy processing trade industry, strengthen government promotion and policy support, and strengthen customs supervision.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F752.68;F124.5
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