外国直接投资对中国经济的贡献分析

发布时间：2019-02-14 11:16

【摘要】：随着全球一体化的进程不断发展，世界经济交流日益密切，，以跨国公司为主体的外国直接投资越来越显现出其重要的作用，扮演了推动经济稳定高速发展的重要角色。随着外国直接投资的发展，使得经济的各个环节，如研发、生产、销售等环节都越来越国际化。外国直接投资对经济的影响也体现在对资本形成的影响、对技术的影响、对产业升级的影响、对贸易的影响以及对就业的影响，从而进一步的体现在整个经济增长上面。这里既有积极的正面影响，也有消极的负影响。因此对于国外直接投资对经济影响的分析以及相关的政策评价是很必要的。自二十世纪八十年代初改革开放以来，利用外资，尤其是外国直接投资成为了我国经济的重要组成部分。并且随着我国经济的不断发展，外国直接投资无论在数量还是质量上也得到了很大的发展。中国作为发展中国家的代表，是发展中国家中利用外国直接投资最多的国家。由于我国在经济建设中资金不足，技术欠缺，因此引进外国直接投资是相当迫切的，中国也制定了一系列的积极的引资政策，其目的就是想提高本国的生产力以及促进经济的增长。但是，根据国内外许多学者的研究，外国直接投资对经济的作用既有正向也有负向，而且对发达国家经济的作用相当有限甚至会有阻碍。中国经济发展至今，国内的经济形式早就不可同日而语，鉴于其他国家经验以及外国直接投资会产生负面效应的实证，是否继续扩大外国直接投资是有疑问的。这不但需要理论的研究与学习，也需要进行相关的实证分析研究，为我国更好地利用外资提供依据。本文的内容与结构本文首先在确立研究国外直接投资的背景与意义的基础上对国内外的研究进行了文献的综述以了解国内外研究成果的发展趋势以及不同学者对于这一研究的看法与态度。随后在第二章中回顾了外国直接投资的相关理论，既包括外国直接投资的概念与其发展的相关理论，又包括对其相关理论的优劣点的评价。第三章是中国利用外国直接投资的概况，在这一章中，我们通过回顾二十年来中国利用外国直接投资的过程分别讨论了中国利用外国直接投资总量的变化、来源结构的状况、区域分布的特点以及外国直接投资的发展趋势，这些国内概况的分析是继续研究这一问题的重要依据，具有很重要的现实意义。第四章是外国直接投资对我国经济影响的实证分析。在分析过程中，本文利用了计量方法，包括平稳检验、协整检验以及格兰杰因果检验，分别讨论了外国直接投资对资本形成、技术外溢、产业升级、贸易创造以及就业的影响，最后在对经济总量的增长进行分析。最后在第四章的基础之上，本文在第五章对中国利用外国直接投资进行的评价与政策的建议。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the globalization process, the world economic exchange is getting closer and closer. The foreign direct investment (FDI), with multinational corporations as the main body, plays an important role in promoting the stable and rapid development of the economy. With the development of FDI, all aspects of economy, such as R & D, production and sales, are becoming more and more international. The impact of FDI on the economy is also reflected in the impact on capital formation, on technology, on industrial upgrading, on trade and on employment, which is further reflected in the overall economic growth. There are both positive and negative effects. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the economic impact of foreign direct investment and related policy evaluation. Since the reform and opening up in the early 1980s, the utilization of foreign capital, especially foreign direct investment (FDI), has become an important part of China's economy. With the development of China's economy, foreign direct investment (FDI) has been developed both in quantity and quality. As a representative of developing countries, China is the most developed country to make use of foreign direct investment (FDI). Because of the shortage of capital and technology in China's economic construction, it is very urgent to introduce foreign direct investment. China has also formulated a series of positive policies to attract foreign investment. Its aim is to improve the country's productivity and promote economic growth. However, according to the research of many scholars at home and abroad, the effect of FDI on the economy is both positive and negative, and the effect on the economy of developed countries is quite limited or even hindered. China's economic development so far, the domestic economic form has not been comparable, given the experience of other countries and foreign direct investment will have a negative effect of the empirical evidence, whether to continue to expand foreign direct investment is questionable. This requires not only theoretical research and learning, but also relevant empirical analysis to provide a basis for China to make better use of foreign capital. The content and structure of this paper. Firstly, on the basis of establishing the background and significance of the research on foreign direct investment, this paper makes a literature review of the domestic and foreign research in order to understand the development trend and different research results at home and abroad. Scholars' views and attitudes towards this study. Then in the second chapter, the author reviews the related theories of FDI, including the concept of FDI and its development theory, as well as the evaluation of its advantages and disadvantages. The third chapter is an overview of China's utilization of FDI. In this chapter, we discuss the changes in the total amount of FDI used by China and the situation of its source structure by reviewing the process of using FDI in China over the past 20 years. The characteristics of regional distribution and the development trend of foreign direct investment (FDI). The analysis of these domestic profiles is an important basis for continuing to study this issue and has important practical significance. The fourth chapter is the empirical analysis of the impact of foreign direct investment on China's economy. In the process of analysis, this paper discusses the impact of FDI on capital formation, technology spillover, industrial upgrading, trade creation and employment by means of measurement methods, including stationary test, cointegration test and Granger causality test. Finally, the growth of the total economic volume is analyzed. Finally, on the basis of the fourth chapter, the fifth chapter of the evaluation of China's use of foreign direct investment and policy recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.6;F124

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