考虑时间惩罚成本和关税成本的跨境电商海外仓选址研究

发布时间：2019-03-10 21:36

【摘要】：随着全球经济一体化进程的不断发展和信息技术的日新月异,跨境电子商务发展迅速。相对于发达国家而言,我国物流业比较落后,现有的物流配送模式跟不上业务发展需要。近几年,海外仓的出现成为促进跨境电子商务快速发展的一大推手,其适用范围极广,而且海外仓的大量使用可摊薄企业物流成本。但是,海外仓建设的主要问题是租用或自建海外仓成本较高,容易产生货品积压,这对企业货品需求预测和对海外仓的选址决策都提出了更高的要求。本文以中国跨境电子商务企业为研究对象,根据海外仓的实际建设需求,从市场需求等角度考虑,在国内外选址研究的基础上,考虑海外仓建设费用,因是否建设海外仓而产生的运输方式不同引起的运输成本的差异,空间运输距离,超出顾客要求的时间而产生的时间惩罚成本等因素,建立考虑时间惩罚成本的海外仓选址模型。再从实际出发,因海外仓跨库运输涉及关税成本问题,因此在考虑时间惩罚成本的基础上,加上考虑关税的影响,最终建立考虑时间惩罚成本和关税成本的数学模型。通过对模型特点进行分析,运用遗传算法、粒子群算法和遗传粒子群混合算法对目标函数进行求解,用MATLAB软件得以实现。最后,通过案例仿真证明模型是有效可行的。从成本效率、时间效率和稳定性三方面对遗传算法、粒子群算法和遗传粒子群混合算法的运算结果作对比,可得遗传粒子群混合算法运算效果比前两种算法要好,能更有效降低企业成本。本文的创新点是根据跨境电商海外仓的建设要求,从实际出发考虑时间惩罚成本和关税成本建立数学模型,并通过设计遗传算法、粒子群算法和遗传粒子群混合算法对模型进行求解,通过对比证明遗传粒子群混合算法更优。从而为跨境电子商务企业建设海外仓提供科学的方法和依据,提高企业运营效率和竞争力,促进国际经济贸易的发展。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of global economic integration and the rapid development of information technology, cross-border e-commerce develops rapidly. Compared with developed countries, China's logistics industry is relatively backward, the existing logistics distribution mode can not keep up with the needs of business development. In recent years, the emergence of overseas warehouse has become a big push to promote the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce, which has a wide range of applications, and a large number of use of overseas warehouse can dilute the logistics cost of enterprises. However, the main problem of overseas warehouse construction is that the cost of renting or self-building overseas warehouse is high and it is easy to produce a backlog of goods, which puts forward higher requirements for forecasting the demand for goods of enterprises and making decisions on the location of overseas warehouses. In this paper, Chinese cross-border e-commerce enterprises as the research object, according to the actual construction needs of overseas warehouse, from the point of view of market demand, on the basis of domestic and foreign siting research, consider the overseas warehouse construction costs, Factors such as the difference in transportation costs caused by the different modes of transportation resulting from the construction of overseas warehouses, the distance of space transportation, the time penalty costs incurred in excess of the time required by the customer, and so on. An overseas warehouse location model considering time penalty cost is established. On the basis of considering the time penalty cost and the influence of the tariff, the mathematical model considering the time penalty cost and the tariff cost is set up at the end of the paper, which is based on the consideration of the time penalty cost and the effect of the tariff on the cross-storeroom transportation of the overseas warehouse. By analyzing the characteristics of the model, using genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization and genetic particle swarm optimization hybrid algorithm to solve the objective function, using MATLAB software to achieve. Finally, the simulation results show that the model is effective and feasible. The results of genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization and genetic particle swarm optimization are compared from three aspects of cost efficiency, time efficiency and stability. The results show that the genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm is better than the first two algorithms, and that the genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm is more effective than the first two algorithms in terms of cost efficiency, time efficiency and stability. Can reduce the cost of the enterprise more effectively. The innovation of this paper is to set up a mathematical model of time penalty cost and tariff cost according to the construction requirements of cross-border e-commerce overseas warehouse, and design the genetic algorithm through the design of genetic algorithm. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and genetic Particle Swarm Optimization (GPSO) are used to solve the model, and it is proved that the genetic PSO hybrid algorithm is better than the genetic PSO hybrid algorithm. In order to provide scientific methods and basis for cross-border e-commerce enterprises to build overseas warehouse, improve the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises, promote the development of international economic and trade.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F724.6;F125

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