产业视角下的综合要素生产率关联测算

发布时间：2019-05-27 20:25

【摘要】：综合要素生产率（MFP）作为现代经济增长理论的重要组成部分，是分析经济增长源泉的重要工具。自丁伯根和索洛对综合要素生产率进行开创性研究以来，国内外很多学者都对此进行了深入研究，提出诸多测算综合要素生产率的理论和方法。但每种方法都不是很完美。并且到目前为止，我国对于如何科学合理地测算综合要素生产率这一问题长期未得到很好的解决。本文旨在从我国的实际情况出发，对能够真实反映我国各地区生产率状况的方法进行研究，并运用Tornqvist MFP指数方法对我国各地区、各产业的综合要素生产率进行从产业层次到总量层次的测算分析。总体而言，本文的研究注重提出新观点、引入新方法和新资料、从新的角度对问题进行研究。文章首先介绍了有关生产率的研究意义、背景，以及国内外的研究现状。发现国内大多学者只是在采用余值法间接地测算单个行业或地区的生产率速度或生产率贡献率。并且在测算方法的选择上具有随意性，导致所得结果没有可比性。其次，本文在介绍生产率相关概念的基础上，主要分析了综合要素生产率与技术进步的区别与联系；同时介绍了测算生产率的主要方法，，并对其优劣势进行了分析。随后，对本文将要使用的测算生产率的方法—Tornqvist MFP指数法做了详细的介绍，并分析了该方法的优势；同时介绍了测算过程中涉及到的要素投入变量选择，发现要素投入的选择是一个十分复杂的过程，需要统一的标准或准则。而国内相关研究并没有在这方面给出说明。再次，文章在提出要素投入选择准则的基础上，利用第一次和第二次全国经济普查数据，基于Tornqvist MFP指数对我国各地区、各产业的综合要素生产率进行了从产业层次到总量层次的关联测算。测算过程为：首先测算国民经济95个大类行业的综合要素生产率；其次由相对应的大类行业生成20个门类行业的综合要素生产率；之后通过对应的门类行业生成产业综合要素生产率，最终生成各地区综合要素生产率。最后，本文根据测算结果验证了运用Tornqvist MFP指数测算综合要素生产率的合理性以及优势。对测算得到的2006-2011年各地区的大类行业、门类、产业以及总量综合要素生产率进行排序分析，并以中部地区为例通过探究各地区产业综合要素生产率对总量综合要素生产率的贡献，来说明该地区综合要素偏高或偏低的原因，为提高地区综合要素生产率指明方向。
[Abstract]:As an important part of modern economic growth theory, comprehensive factor productivity (MFP) is an important tool to analyze the source of economic growth. Since Ding Bogan and Solo made a groundbreaking study on comprehensive factor productivity, many scholars at home and abroad have carried out in-depth research on this, and put forward many theories and methods to measure comprehensive factor productivity. But each method is not perfect. So far, the problem of how to calculate the comprehensive factor productivity scientifically and reasonably has not been well solved in our country for a long time. The purpose of this paper is to study the methods that can truly reflect the productivity status of various regions in China from the actual situation of our country, and to apply the Tornqvist MFP index method to all regions of our country. The comprehensive factor productivity of each industry is calculated and analyzed from the industrial level to the total level. Generally speaking, the research of this paper focuses on putting forward new viewpoints, introducing new methods and new data, and studying the problems from a new point of view. This paper first introduces the significance and background of productivity research, as well as the research status at home and abroad. It is found that most domestic scholars are only indirectly using residual method to measure the productivity rate or productivity contribution rate of a single industry or region. And in the choice of measurement methods are arbitrary, resulting in no comparability of the results. Secondly, on the basis of introducing the related concepts of productivity, this paper mainly analyzes the differences and relations between comprehensive factor productivity and technological progress, and introduces the main methods of measuring productivity, and analyzes its advantages and disadvantages. Then, the Tornqvist MFP index method, which will be used in this paper, is introduced in detail, and the advantages of this method are analyzed. At the same time, the selection of factor input variables involved in the calculation process is introduced, and it is found that the selection of factor input is a very complex process, which requires unified standards or criteria. But the domestic related research does not give the explanation in this respect. Thirdly, on the basis of putting forward the selection criterion of factor input, this paper makes use of the data of the first and second national economic censuses, and based on the Tornqvist MFP index, makes use of the data of the first and second national economic censuses for all regions of our country. The comprehensive factor productivity of each industry is calculated from the industrial level to the total level. The calculation process is as follows: firstly, the comprehensive factor productivity of 95 major industries of the national economy is calculated, and secondly, the comprehensive factor productivity of 20 categories of industries is generated by the corresponding large industries. Then the comprehensive factor productivity of the industry is generated through the corresponding industry, and finally the comprehensive factor productivity of each region is generated. Finally, according to the calculation results, this paper verifies the rationality and advantages of using Tornqvist MFP index to measure comprehensive factor productivity. This paper makes a ranking analysis of the estimated categories of industries, categories, industries and total comprehensive factor productivity in each region from 2006 to 2011. Taking the central region as an example, this paper explains the reasons for the high or low comprehensive factor productivity in each region by exploring the contribution of industrial comprehensive factor productivity to the total comprehensive factor productivity, and points out the direction for improving the regional comprehensive factor productivity.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124;F224

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