山区公路安全评价方法的综合运用研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 14:34

本文关键词：山区公路安全评价方法的综合运用研究　出处：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国公路总里程中,山区公路所占比例较大。但由于地形地貌,气候条件等环境因素,以及公路自身设计方面的原因,驾驶员在山区公路的行驶条件较差,在山区公路发生重特大交通事故的比例触目惊心。因此,针对山区公路的安全性研究意义重大。影响山区公路安全性的因素是多方面的。在山区公路交通事故中,由人的因素导致事故的比例最大,但也最难改变。与此同时,深究其背后的潜在原因往往是道路因素出现了问题。道路因素除了包括几何线形因素外,还包括交通设施、道路结构物和路侧环境等非线形因素。经研究发现,仅仅几何线形满足条件,还不足以保证山区公路的安全性。因此,在评价山区公路安全性时,除了需对线形因素做出评价外,还应结合各种非线形因素作综合考虑。本文针对山区公路的特点首先分析出影响山区公路交通安全的主要因素,并把这些主要因素重新整合分类,分作了线形因素和非线形因素两类。根据这两类因素中线形因素可定量化,非线形因素多数难于量化的特点。采用了模糊综合评价法和运行速度相关指标评价两类方法对这两类因素作了分别评价。对线形因素,根据《公路项目安全评价指南》提供的运行速度模型,对路段的运行速度做出预测,并以运行速度相关指标,结合山区公路特点定出判断标准,以此评价公路线形因素的总体安全性。对非线形因素,以德尔菲法收集整理专家评分建立指标体系,并求出相关指标的权重,再让专家结合现场资料、通过运行速度计算得来的部分指标参数等,对所有指标进行安全评分,通过模糊评价的手段对评价出公路非线形因素的安全性。两种评价手段结合,将最后两种评价手段得到的结论进行综合分析就能得到更为客观真实的最终结论。最后以一段事故多发地的相关数据,按上述研究成果进行分析,得出了和实际一致的评价结论。该段公路具有线形条件好,但仍然事故频发的特点。这一实例很好的印证了山区公路安全性评价需要考虑多方面因素,运用多种手段综合进行的观点。
[Abstract]:In the total mileage of highway in our country, the proportion of mountain road is large, but the driving condition of driver in mountain road is poor because of the environmental factors such as topography and geomorphology, climate condition and the design of highway itself. The proportion of serious and serious traffic accidents on mountain roads is shocking. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the safety of mountain roads. There are many factors that affect the safety of mountain road. In the mountain road traffic accidents, the proportion of accidents caused by human factors is the largest, but it is also the most difficult to change. The underlying reason behind it is often a problem with road factors. Road factors include not only geometric linear factors, but also non-linear factors such as traffic facilities, road structures and roadside environment. Therefore, in evaluating the safety of mountain highway, it is necessary not only to evaluate the linear factors, but also to consider all kinds of non-linear factors. According to the characteristics of mountain highway, this paper first analyzes the main factors that affect the traffic safety of mountain road, and reintegrates these main factors into classification. There are two kinds of linear factors and non-linear factors. According to these two kinds of factors, linear factors can be quantified. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the speed related index evaluation method are used to evaluate the non-linear factors which are difficult to quantify. For linear factors, according to the running speed model provided by "Highway Project Safety Evaluation Guide", the running speed of road section is predicted, and the judging standard is given according to the related indexes of running speed and combining with the characteristics of mountain highway. In this way, the overall safety of highway alignment factors is evaluated. For the non-linear factors, the Delphi method is used to collect and sort out the expert score to establish the index system, and to calculate the weight of the relevant indicators, and then let the experts combined with the field data, through the operation speed of some of the index parameters calculated, and so on. The safety of all the indexes is evaluated by fuzzy evaluation. The safety of non-linear factors of highway is evaluated by means of fuzzy evaluation. Combining the two evaluation methods, the conclusion obtained by the last two evaluation methods can be analyzed synthetically and the final conclusion can be more objective and true. Finally, with the relevant data of an accident prone area, according to the above research results, the evaluation results are consistent with the actual results. The section of the highway has good linear conditions. But still the characteristics of frequent accidents. This example well confirmed the mountain highway safety evaluation needs to consider a variety of factors, using a variety of means to comprehensively carry out the point of view.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U492.8

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