驾驶人安全行为动力定型模板化研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 18:03

本文关键词：驾驶人安全行为动力定型模板化研究　出处：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国城镇化进程的快速推进,居民出行机动化水平显著提高,道路交通安全形势也日益严峻。驾驶人作为道路交通系统的主体,不仅是交通运行的调节者和控制者,也是交通事故发生的主要参与者和受害者,因此驾驶人安全行为一直以来都是道路交通安全的重要研究课题。目前,有关驾驶人安全行为的研究着重于通过对驾驶人的生理、心理状态指标调查、测试分析,探讨驾驶人安全行为外部表现特征与内在机制之间的相关性,进而对安全驾驶适应性评价分析。如何根据驾驶人安全行为定型规律,实现对不同驾驶行为定型度相匹配的动态模板化安全管理已经成为亟待解决的问题之一。因此,本文在分析安全驾驶行为动力定型形成机理的基础上,构建了驾驶人安全行为动力定型综合测度模型,根据测度结果进行驾驶行为动力定型模板化安全管理。本文主要涵盖了以下研究内容：首先,基于行为主义心理学,结合驾驶任务中信息输入、处理和输出的工作过程,对人行为的S(刺激)-O(机体)-R(反应)经典模式进行拓展,建立了驾驶人安全行为过程模型；在此基础上,对驾驶行为过程中的感知阶段、判断决策阶段、操作阶段的安全特性予以研究；并从生理和心理角度分析了驾驶人安全行为的影响因素。其次,在明确动力定型形成机制的相关理论基础上,结合驾驶人安全行为特性,对安全驾驶行为在泛化阶段、分化阶段和动力定型阶段的内在结构、外在表现特征进行了深层次探讨；并从安全驾驶技能定型和与之相匹配的安全驾驶行为规划定型两个方面入手,总结出安全驾驶行为动力定型成效。再次,在明确动力定型测度内涵及流程的基础上,结合驾驶行为表征指标分析,依据指标选取原则,建立起驾驶行为安全动力定型测度指标体系；总结现有的研究成果,对各测度指标的安全阈值进行分析,进而确定出各指标的安全度和定型度等测度值；依据测度指标在安全和动力定型方面的合成关系,分别构建出驾驶行为的安全和动力定型的测度模型及评判标准,经过模型综合、标准复合,得出驾驶行为安全动力定型综合测度模型及评判标准；并通过算例进行安全驾驶行为动力定型成效匹配。最后,从宏观角度对安全驾驶行为动力定型能够有效降低驾驶生命周期的危险度进行了定性分析；通过全面推行驾驶适应性检测,坚持科学实施充分发挥其安全管理效能；依据驾驶人安全行为动力定型形成规律并应用行为分析训练法从安全感知、安全判断决策、安全操作三个方面着手进行驾驶行为动力定型模板化安全管理,并初步建立起一个关于侧方位停车驾驶行为的安全动力定型模板。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's urbanization, residents travel mechanization level increased significantly, the road traffic safety situation is increasingly grim. Drivers as the main road traffic system, is not only regulates and controls the traffic operation, the main participants and are also victims of traffic accidents, the driver safety behavior has been is an important research topic in the road traffic safety. At present, the research on driver safety behavior focuses on the physiology of driver, investigation and analysis, psychological state index test, investigate the correlation between the driver safety behavior of external features and internal mechanism, and analysis of driving adaptability evaluation of safety. According to the safety of driving behavior people of different type of driving behavior shaping dynamic template matching degree of safety management has become an urgent problem. One. Therefore, based on the analysis of safe driving behavior based on the dynamic stereotype formation mechanism, construct the driver safety behavior dynamic comprehensive evaluation model, the driving behavior of power setting template security management according to the measurement result. This article mainly covers the following contents: firstly, based on the behavioral psychology, combined with the input information of the driving task in the work process, processing and output, to the behavior of S (stimulus) -O (body) -R (reaction) classic mode expansion, establish safe driving behavior process model; on this basis, the driving behavior perception stage in the process of decision-making stage, to research on the security of operation stage; and from the physiological and psychological analysis of the factors affecting the safety of driver behavior. Secondly, based on the relevant theories of dynamic stereotype formation mechanism, combined with the driver's safety For the characteristics of safe driving behavior in the generalization stage, internal structure differentiation stage and power setting stage, the external characteristics of the deep discussion; and from the safe driving skills setting and planning safe driving behavior to match the shape of the two aspects, summed up the safe driving behavior dynamic stereotype effect. Thirdly, in the basic connotation and clear dynamic stereotype measure process, combined with the indices of driving behavior analysis, based on the principle of index selection, establish the safe driving behavior dynamic measurement index system; summarize the existing research results, the safety threshold of each index were analyzed in order to determine the safety degree and the setting value of each index of measure based on the measure index; the relationship between the synthesis of stereotypes in safety and power, respectively construct measure model and evaluation of driving behavior and dynamic stereotype The standard model, through comprehensive, standard composite, obtained the safe driving behavior dynamic comprehensive evaluation model and evaluation standard; safe driving behavior, and the effectiveness of dynamic stereotype by examples. Finally, to reduce the risk of setting driving life cycle of qualitative analysis is conducted on safe driving behavior power from a macro point of view, through the full implementation; driving adaptability examination, adhere to the scientific implementation of safety management and give full play to its effectiveness; on the basis of safety driving behavior dynamic shape analysis training method from the formation and application of the perception of safety behavior, safety decision-making, safe operation of three aspects of the driving behavior of power setting template of safety management, and establish a preliminary on side parking the driving behavior of the safe power setting template.

【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831

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