室内大空间自动跟踪定位射流消防系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 06:19

本文关键词： 室内大空间火灾早期自动跟踪定位水射流落水点修正　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展、人类活动需求的增加以及建筑设施的不断壮大,大空间建筑如雨后春笋般在世界各地掀起一股兴建热潮。该类建筑空间分割大,防火分区多,且建筑结构特殊,设施复杂,潜在火灾危险性比一般建筑大,灭火也更困难。因此,火灾早期大空间建筑的自救能力十分重要,开发一款适用于室内大空间建筑的消防系统刻不容缓。本课题针对室内大空间建筑结构和火灾特点,设计并研发了一套室内大空间自动跟踪定位射流消防系统。系统主要由灭火装置、区域控制箱、控制主机三个模块组成,采用紫外传感器作为火灾探测元件,热释电红外探测器作为火源定位元件,可以在被保护的三维空间范围内,全方位地进行火灾探测,并通过步进电机驱动灭火装置喷头快速瞄准火源,继而结合RS-485总线技术和CAN总线技术,以自动控制、现场手动控制或远程联网控制模式完成启泵、开阀等操作,使得蓄水池内的水经由消防管道和灭火装置及时、准确地喷向着火点,从而确保在火灾早期完成灭火,尽可能将火灾造成的人员和物资损失以及灭火带来的二次损失都降到最低。系统内的微型监控摄像头可将现场视频图像通过控制主机内的24路硬盘刻录机存储,并实时传送至监视器和上位机监控界面进行显示。利用监控摄像头拍摄的现场视频图像,本课题提出了远程快速灭火方法,用于修正射流落水点的位置,为系统进一步研究和改进提供了新的思路。测试证明,该室内大空间自动跟踪定位射流消防系统运行稳定,具有响应时间快、灭火效率高、可靠性和安全性好等优势,能够在火灾早期阶段实现火源的探测、定位和灭火,且能在很大程度上减少火灾漏报、误报的情况。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the increasing demand for human activities and the continuous expansion of construction facilities, large space buildings have sprung up in all parts of the world. And the building structure is special, the facilities are complex, the potential fire danger is bigger than the general building, and the fire extinguishing is more difficult. Therefore, the self-rescue ability of the large space building in the early stage of fire is very important. It is urgent to develop a fire protection system suitable for indoor large space building. This subject aims at the structure and fire characteristics of indoor large space building. Designed and developed a set of indoor large space automatic tracking and positioning jet fire control system. The system is mainly composed of fire extinguishing device, area control box, control host three modules, using ultraviolet sensor as fire detection element. Pyroelectric infrared detector as a fire source location element, can be protected in the three-dimensional space, all-directional fire detection, and step motor drive fire extinguishing device sprinkler quickly aimed at the source of fire. Then combined with RS-485 bus technology and CAN bus technology to automatic control field manual control or remote network control mode to complete the pump opening valve and other operations. So that the water in the reservoir through fire pipes and fire extinguishing devices timely and accurately spray to the point of fire, so as to ensure the completion of the fire in the early stages of the fire. As far as possible, the loss of personnel and materials caused by the fire and the secondary loss caused by the fire will be minimized. The micro surveillance camera in the system can store the scene video images through the 24-channel hard disk burner in the control mainframe. . And real-time transmission to the monitor and host computer monitor interface for display. Using the scene video images captured by the surveillance camera, this paper proposed a remote fast fire extinguishing method to correct the position of the water jet drop point. It provides a new way for further research and improvement of the system. The test results show that the fire fighting system with automatic tracking and positioning jet in large space has stable operation, fast response time and high fire extinguishing efficiency. The advantages of good reliability and safety can be used to detect, locate and extinguish the fire source in the early stage of the fire, and to a great extent to reduce the situation of false alarm and false alarm of the fire.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU892

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