黔北矿区承压水分布特征与安全开采技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-24 00:37

本文关键词： 地下暗河热水岩溶离层水体二次导升安全开采　出处：《中国矿业大学（北京）》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：峨眉地幔热柱的活动使玄武岩在本区缺失、隔水层变薄，使地下水一度处于超临界状态，CaCO3的溶解度提高了95%，岩溶很发育，并发展为深部暗河。区域水位异常是裂隙偏流所致，窄缝内水位较高，宽缝内的较低。自建的模型和材料、数值模拟显示覆岩渗透系数与裂宽增量3次方程正比，覆岩长兴灰岩底部易形成离层，离层区底板完整可储水；底板最大主应力值采空区的边长的平方、水压成正比，和底板厚度的平方成反比。注水试验、超声波测试和模拟试验证明底板可超前破坏，断层破坏深度是完整底板的2倍，底板隐伏导水断裂扩展即发生突水。认为迎着推进方向顶板施工钻孔释放了顶板离层水，预防暗河水害；缩小采矿尺寸，，加固底板隔水层，改造底板含水层和切断导升断裂，阻止导升扩展等方法可防治底板水害。
[Abstract]:The activity of the Emei mantle heat plume makes the basalt missing in this area and the water-insulating layer thinning. The solubility of CaCO3 in groundwater once in supercritical state has been increased by 95%, and the karst is very developed. The regional water level anomaly is caused by the fissure deviation, the water level in the narrow gap is higher, and the water level in the wide gap is lower. The numerical simulation shows that the permeability coefficient of overburden is proportional to the cubic equation of the increment of crack width, and the bottom of Changxing limestone of overburden is easy to be separated, and the bottom plate of the separated zone can store water completely. The side length of the mined-out area is directly proportional to the water pressure and inversely proportional to the square of the thickness of the bottom plate. Water injection test ultrasonic testing and simulation test prove that the bottom plate can be destroyed ahead of time. The depth of fault failure is twice as deep as that of the whole floor, and the water inrush occurs when the underground water conduction fracture spread on the floor. It is considered that the drilling hole in the face of the propelling direction releases the water from the roof to prevent the water damage from the dark river. Reducing the mining size, strengthening the water insulation layer of the bottom plate, reforming the bottom aquifer, cutting off the lift fracture and preventing the expansion of the guide can prevent and cure the water damage of the bottom plate.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学（北京）
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD745

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