高速铁路隧道列车火灾烟气蔓延规律及控制特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 13:44

本文关键词： 高速铁路列车火灾燕尾突变理论轰燃临界风速救援站　出处：《中南大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：摘要：随着社会经济的发展和科技的进步,高速铁路建造技术逐渐进入实用阶段。高速铁路旅客列车防火安全是亟需解决的问题,特别是列车运行于沿线隧道时的防火安全更是有待深入研究的热点问题。针对高速铁路隧道列车火灾发展规律、烟气蔓延特性及控制策略研究不足的现状,综合运用理论分析、数值模拟及模型试验的方法,研究高速铁路隧道列车火灾时车厢内、隧道内及救援站内烟气蔓延规律及控制特性,完成的研究工作以及获得的主要成果如下： (1)分析了车厢内部火灾时高温作用下车窗破裂机理、临界条件及判据,并对车窗破裂进行了数值模拟研究,获得了车窗破裂的数量与破裂时间及其对车厢内温度场分布的影响。 (2)将燕尾突变理论引入高速铁路旅客列车车厢内火灾轰燃现象的分析研究中,建立了列车车厢燕尾突变预测模型,计算分析了轰燃发生的临界条件。 (3)建立了1：9的缩尺寸高速铁路隧道试验模型及1：16的缩尺寸特长铁路隧道救援站试验模型,分别系统研究了高速铁路隧道火灾烟气蔓延及控制的关键技术参数、救援站分散防烟模式防排烟机理与烟气控制技术。 (4)通过模型试验得到的隧道拱顶最高温度试验数据对H.Kurioka隧道拱顶最高温度理论预测模型进行了坡度修正,获得了隧道拱顶最高温度理论预测模型的坡度修正公式。 (5)对不同坡度隧道火灾下的临界通风风速进行了模型试验研究,通过试验数据对临界通风风速理论预测模型进行了坡度修正,得出能适合不同坡度情况的临界通风风速理论预测模型。 (6)通过铁路隧道救援站缩尺寸防排烟模型试验研究,获得了分散防烟模式下救援站抑制火灾烟气从事故隧道蔓延进入横通道的临界风速范围设计参数,以及事故隧道纵向排烟风速限制值设计参数,为救援站分散防烟模式下防排烟系统设计提供科学依据。通过对高速铁路旅客列车火灾在车厢内、隧道内及救援站内的发展蔓延及控制进行研究,获得了火灾烟气蔓延规律及防火、防排烟系统关键设计参数,有望为列车、隧道及救援站的防火防灾系统设计提供参考。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: with the development of social economy and the progress of science and technology, the construction technology of high-speed railway has gradually entered the practical stage, and the fire prevention safety of high-speed railway passenger train is an urgent problem to be solved. Especially the fire safety of train running in the tunnel along the line is a hot issue to be further studied. Aiming at the development law of train fire in high-speed railway tunnel the characteristics of smoke spread and the lack of research on control strategy. By using the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and model test, the characteristics of smoke spread and control in train fire in high-speed railway tunnel, tunnel and rescue station are studied. The research work accomplished and the main results achieved are as follows: 1) the mechanism, critical condition and criterion of window rupture under the action of high temperature are analyzed, and the numerical simulation of window rupture is carried out. The number and time of window rupture and its influence on the distribution of temperature field are obtained. In this paper, the catastrophe theory of swallowtail is introduced into the analysis and study of the phenomenon of flashover in passenger train compartment of high-speed railway, and the prediction model of the catastrophe of swallowtail is established, and the critical conditions for the occurrence of flashover are calculated and analyzed. (3) the test model of 1: 9 shrinkage high speed railway tunnel and the 1:16 reduced size super long railway tunnel rescue station test model are established. The key technical parameters of fire smoke spread and control in high-speed railway tunnel are studied systematically. The smoke prevention and exhaust mechanism and smoke control technology of scattered smoke prevention mode in rescue station are studied. 4) the theoretical prediction model of the maximum temperature of H. Kurioka tunnel dome is modified by the maximum temperature test data obtained from the model test. The slope correction formula of the theoretical prediction model for the maximum temperature of the tunnel vault is obtained. 5) the critical ventilation wind speed under different slope tunnel fire is studied by model test, and the slope correction of the theoretical prediction model of critical ventilation wind speed is carried out through the test data. A theoretical prediction model of critical ventilation wind speed suitable for different slope conditions is obtained. Based on the model test of reducing size and exhaust smoke in railway tunnel rescue station, the design parameters of critical wind speed range for the rescue station to suppress the spread of fire smoke from the accident tunnel to the transverse passage are obtained under the dispersed smoke prevention mode. The design parameters of longitudinal exhaust wind speed limit of accident tunnel provide scientific basis for smoke prevention and exhaust system design in scattered smoke prevention mode of rescue station. By studying the development and control of high-speed railway passenger train fire in compartments, tunnels and rescue stations, the rules of fire smoke spread and the key design parameters of fire prevention and exhaust system are obtained. It is expected to provide reference for the design of fire prevention and prevention system for trains, tunnels and rescue stations.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U458;U298.4

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