危险化学品事故防控应急救援联动体系的研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 19:34

本文关键词： 危险化学品事故防控应急救援 Map API 联动系统　出处：《扬州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着新工艺、新技术的不断开发与应用,工业过程向连续化、规模化方向发展,所涉危险化学品数量越来越多。由于危险化学品的本身所具有的特性以及装置规模的大型化,一旦控制不利,有可能发生事故甚至是灾害,造成生产的中断,并危及人的生命及财产安全,因此对危险化学品事故的预防控制及应急救援开展研究具有重要的现实意义。所以,本文针对危险化学品事故的防控及应急救援联动体系开展相关研究。 (1)通过对危险化学品事故防控及应急联动体系所涉及的危害因素辨识、危险源管理、地理信息、应急管理、计算模拟等进行分析,构建防控应急联动系统设计结构。基于Access数据库平台,建立实现系统功能运行的关系型数据库,满足主系统数据之间的信息传递、分析,以及指挥系统命令的发布与返回。 (2)根据危险化学品安全技术说明信息的内容要求,基于VB/Access开发平台,设计危险化学品信息检索子系统,为指挥系统提供包括危险化学品理化性质、毒理学资料、急救措施、消防措施、泄漏应急处置等数据信息。通过系统设计的开方式数据窗口,可进行化学品数据信息的查询、添加、修改。 (3)针对指挥系统需要对危险化学品企业周边及事故发生区动态地理信息的分析,基于Map API地图应用程序,采用API/VB开发结构,设计GIS地理信息子系统,可进行本地搜索、路线规划、卫星地图展示等基本数据服务,在事故发生时对事故区域进行地理定位,获得周边地形、河道、居民区等信息,同时可将事故模拟计算的结果显示于地理信息窗口上,为应急救援提供技术支持。 (4)在应急联动功能模块设计方面,基于VB/Access开发平台,设计包括危险源管理、应急管理、计算模拟、应急辅助工具等模块。危险源管理模块根据事故防控需求提供用户单位信息、危险源辨识、罐区库区数据等,实现对企业或区域内危险源数据的实时数据监控；应急管理模块结合GIS信息系统为事故处置配备应急资源、优化应急路线、提供应急预案等协助应急救援人员之间合理联动；计算模块根据事故现场信息,可对火灾、爆炸、泄漏事故进行死亡半径、损失半径、泄漏量等进行模拟计算,为事故的现场应急提供技术支持；应急辅助工具为系统提供法律法规、事故案例、气象信息等,协助企业日常防控安全管理水平及事故发生时的应急救援效率。最后,以液氯泄漏事故的应急演练为例,将本文设计的应急救援联动系统应用到事故现场应急处置,为应急演练提供应急管理、地理信息、事故模拟计算等信息,系统能够实现应急信息相互传递、应急部门有效联动、应急资源配置优化等功能,为液氯应急演练提供及时有效的技术支持,达到了系统应急演练的效果。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and application of new processes and new technologies, the industrial process is becoming more and more continuous and on a large scale, and the number of hazardous chemicals involved is increasing, due to the characteristics of the hazardous chemicals themselves and the scale of the plant, In the event of adverse control, accidents or even disasters may occur, resulting in disruption of production and endangering the safety of human life and property, Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the prevention, control and emergency rescue of hazardous chemical accidents. Through the analysis of hazard factors, hazard source management, geographic information, emergency management, calculation and simulation, etc., which are involved in the system of prevention and control of accidents and emergency response of dangerous chemicals, Based on the Access database platform, a relational database is established to realize the function operation of the system, which satisfies the information transmission, analysis, and the issue and return of the command system. (2) according to the content requirements of the technical description of hazardous chemicals, and based on the VB/Access development platform, the information retrieval subsystem of hazardous chemicals is designed to provide the command system with information on the physical and chemical properties, toxicology and emergency measures of hazardous chemicals. Through the open data window designed by the system, chemical data information can be queried, added and modified. In view of the need of the command system to analyze the dynamic geographic information around the hazardous chemical enterprises and the accident occurrence area, based on the Map API map application program and the API/VB development structure, the GIS geographic information subsystem can be designed, and the local search can be carried out. Basic data services such as route planning, satellite map display, geolocation of the accident area at the time of the accident, obtaining information on the surrounding terrain, river course, residential area, etc. At the same time, the result of accident simulation can be displayed on the geographic information window, which can provide technical support for emergency rescue. 4) in the design of emergency linkage function module, based on VB/Access development platform, the design includes risk source management, emergency management, calculation simulation, emergency assistant tools and other modules. The hazard source management module provides user unit information according to the need of accident prevention and control. Risk source identification, reservoir area data and so on, realize real-time data monitoring of hazard data in enterprises or areas, emergency management module combined with GIS information system to provide emergency resources for accident disposal, optimize emergency route, According to the information of the accident scene, the calculation module can simulate the death radius, loss radius and leakage amount of fire, explosion, leakage accident, etc. To provide technical support for on-site emergency response, emergency auxiliary tools for the system to provide laws and regulations, accident cases, meteorological information, to assist enterprises in daily safety management level of prevention and control and emergency rescue efficiency in the event of an accident. Finally, taking the emergency drill of the liquid chlorine leakage accident as an example, the emergency rescue linkage system designed in this paper is applied to the emergency disposal of the accident scene, which provides emergency management, geographic information, accident simulation calculation and other information for the emergency drill. The system can realize the functions of transmitting the emergency information to each other, the effective linkage of the emergency department and the optimization of the emergency resources. It provides timely and effective technical support for the liquid chlorine emergency drill, and achieves the effect of the system emergency drill.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TQ086.5

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