基于认知记忆理论的安全标志识别培训有效性研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 04:52

本文关键词： 安全培训安全意识识别率认知记忆培训体系　出处：《安徽工程大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的高速发展,人们的生活水平得到了进一步的改善,并且对安全的关注与需求也越来越高。目前,我国的安全生产形势总体趋于好转,但事故总量仍然很大。对相关人员进行有效的安全培训,可以提高他们的安全知识,增强他们的安全意识,从而改善安全行为的表现,是一种有效的手段。在实际的安全生产过程中,最关心的是人的安全行为表现,或者说是安全行为遵守。安全标志识别培训的目的是为了使人们获得相关的安全知识,从而更好的使人们提高安全行为表现。因此,安全标志识别培训的作用是从安全事故发生的一个直接原因入手,即安全知识的匮乏。通过相应的安全标志识别培训,使人们提高安全知识,促进安全行为的遵守,从而有效地防止安全事故的发生。以往的研究表明,安全培训是提高人的安全知识,增强人的安全意识,改善人的安全行为表现的有效的手段。虽然国内外学者对于安全标志及其培训进行了相关的研究,但是对于不同标志培训方法有效性的比较研究并不多见,尤其缺少对《安全标志及其使用导则》中安全标志培训方法有效性的研究。本研究首先介绍了我国安全生产的现状。从安全事故的原因分析入手,并调查安全标志识别率的现状。为了提高安全标志的有效性,本研究以《安全标志及其使用导则》中规定的103安全标志为试验材料。通过安全标志识别率试验,筛选识别率低于50%的标志,然后以这些标志为试验材料,进行安全标志识别培训试验。安全标志识别培训试验在安全标志识别率试验结束的一周后进行。培训试验选取140名被试者,平均分7组：受控组、配对联想学习组、安全意识—配对联想学习组、回想培训组、安全意识—回想培训组、识别培训组、安全意识—识别培训组,然后进行试验,7组被试同时进行安全标志识别培训对比试验。研究发现：1.配对联想学习组、回想培训组、识别培训组、安全意识—配对联想学习组、安全意识—回想培训组、安全意识—识别培训组6组培训组的识别率均显著高于受控组的识别率,即培训可以显著提高人们对于安全标志的理解力,提高安全标志的识别率。2.回想培训组和安全意识—回想培训组的识别率显著高于配对联想学习组、安全意识—配对联想学习组、识别培训组和安全意识识别培训组,而配对联想学习组、安全意识—配对联想学习组、回想组和安全意识识别培训组之间的识别率差异不显著。3.在上述安全标志的培训方式中,回想培训具有更高的绩效。4.在培训前加入安全意识培训的三组培训组与不加安全意识的三组培训组的识别率差异不显著。最后,分析安全标志识别培训的原则与目的、培训的内容与对象,并在此基础上,结合认知记忆相关理论,建立安全标志培训体系,并提出相应的标志识别培训有效性的对策。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the economy, people's living standards have been further improved, and the concern and demand for safety has become higher and higher. At present, the overall situation of safety production in China tends to improve. But the total number of accidents is still very large. Effective safety training for relevant personnel can enhance their safety knowledge, enhance their safety awareness, and thus improve the performance of safety behavior. Is an effective means. In the actual production safety process, the most important concern is human safety behavior, or safety behavior compliance. The purpose of safety identification training is to enable people to acquire relevant safety knowledge. Therefore, the role of safety identification training is to start with a direct cause of safety accidents, that is, the lack of safety knowledge. To improve people's safety knowledge and to promote compliance with safety behavior, thus effectively preventing the occurrence of safety accidents. Previous studies have shown that safety training is to enhance human security knowledge and awareness. Effective means to improve the performance of human safety behavior. Although scholars at home and abroad have carried out relevant research on safety signs and their training, there are few comparative studies on the effectiveness of different marking training methods. In particular, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of safety marking training methods in "Safety signs and their use guidelines". This study first introduces the present situation of safety production in China, starting with the analysis of the causes of safety accidents, In order to improve the effectiveness of safety marking, the 103 safety mark specified in "Safety marking and its use guidelines" was used as the test material. Screening marks with a recognition rate of less than 50% and then using them as test materials, The safety marker recognition training test was conducted one week after the end of the safety marker recognition rate test. 140 subjects were selected and divided into 7 groups on average: controlled group, matched associative learning group, Safety Awareness-pair associative Learning Group, recall training Group, Safety Awareness-recall training Group, Identification training Group, Safety Awareness-Identification training Group, The study found that: 1. Matched associative learning group, recall training group, recognition training group, safety consciousness-pair associative learning group, safety consciousness-recall training group, safety awareness-recall training group, safety awareness-recall training group, The recognition rate of the six training groups in the safety awareness training group was significantly higher than that in the controlled group, that is, training could significantly improve people's understanding of safety signs. The recognition rates of recall training group and safety awareness training group were significantly higher than those of matched association learning group, safety awareness pair association learning group, identification training group and safety awareness recognition training group, and the recognition rate of safety awareness training group was significantly higher than that of matched Lenovo learning group, safety awareness pair association learning group, identification training group and safety awareness recognition training group. However, there was no significant difference in the recognition rate between the matched associative learning group, the safety awareness-pair associative learning group, recall group and safety awareness recognition training group. 3. Recall that training has higher performance. 4. There is no significant difference between the three groups of safety awareness training group and the three groups without safety awareness training group before training. Finally, the principle and purpose of safety sign recognition training are analyzed. On the basis of the contents and objects of the training, and combined with the theory of cognitive memory, the training system of safety signs is established, and the corresponding countermeasures for the effectiveness of the training are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X925

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