LNG液化厂存储设施安全性研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 04:18

本文关键词： 液化天然气扩散模拟个人风险社会风险安全性　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,环境保护成为可持续发展和人们关注的焦点,清洁、高效的天然气燃料成为发展的趋势,LNG工厂建设在各地快速发展,但LNG的危险的特性严重制约了 LNG的发展,而存储设施又是危险发生最易引发严重后果的场所。本文选择日处理量10万方LNG液化厂的存储设施进行安全性研究对预防安全事故的发生具有理论价值和实际工程价值。(1)本文首先对LNG液化厂存储设施进行危险有害因素辨识,通过对物料,存储设施进行系统的危险性分析,采用HAZOP方法对LNG储罐进行分析,查找危险发生的潜在原因。(2)LNG物料泄漏是造成事故发生的根本原因,论文对泄漏扩散模型进行研究,建立以液池蒸发作为连续泄漏源的扩散模型,模拟结果显示,当风速为2m/s时,该工况下的危险爆炸区域,下风向最远到达243m,侧风向距离最远达到33m。(3)结合BLEVE火球事故后果模型和火球热辐射伤害准则,进行LNG储罐区BLEVE的事故后果分析,计算得到事故场景下BLEVE爆炸,死亡半径为314.10m,重伤半径为387.72m,一度烧伤半径542.62m,二度烧伤半径615.24 m,最小安全防护距离为168.2m。LNG储罐破裂发生蒸气云爆炸的重伤半径为236.26m,重伤半径为301.72m,轻伤半径为449.89m。(4)在对个人风险和社会风险分析中,分析了 LNG储罐破裂在不同风速与大气稳定度情况下的对个人风险和社会风险的影响,结果表明:风速大小对于1OOOm3LNG储罐完全破裂造成的个人风险和社会风险的等值曲线影响并不大。当大气稳定度越稳定时,对LNG储罐破裂形成的LNG扩散越不利,个人风险和社会风险增大。大气稳定度对个人风险和社会风险的影响大于环境风速。通过对个人风险值的计算,可以推算出本厂外部安全防护距离是300m。
[Abstract]:In recent years, environmental protection has become the focus of sustainable development and people pay close attention to. Clean and efficient natural gas fuel has become the trend of development. The construction of LNG plants is developing rapidly. However, the dangerous characteristics of LNG seriously restrict the development of LNG. The storage facility is the place where the dangerous occurrence is the most likely to cause serious consequences. This paper chooses the storage facility of the 100000 square LNG liquefaction plant per day to carry on the safety research to prevent the occurrence of the safety accident has the theory value and the practical work. In this paper, we first identify the hazardous factors in the storage facilities of LNG liquefaction plants. Through the systematic risk analysis of materials and storage facilities, the HAZOP method is used to analyze the LNG storage tanks to find out the potential cause of the danger. The leakage of LNG materials is the fundamental cause of the accident. In this paper, the leakage diffusion model is studied, and the diffusion model with liquid pool evaporation as the continuous leakage source is established. The simulation results show that when the wind speed is 2 m / s, the dangerous explosion area under this condition is obtained. In combination with the BLEVE fireball accident consequence model and the fireball thermal radiation damage criterion, the accident consequence analysis of BLEVE in LNG storage area is carried out, and the BLEVE explosion in the accident scene is calculated. The radius of death is 314.10 m, the radius of serious injury is 387.72 m, the radius of primary burn is 542.62 m, the radius of second degree burn is 615.24 m, the minimum safety distance is 168.2 m. The radius of serious injury caused by vapor cloud explosion is 236.26 m, the radius of serious injury is 301.72 m, and the radius of slight injury is 449.89 M. In the analysis of human risk and social risk, The influence of LNG tank rupture on individual risk and social risk under different wind speed and atmospheric stability is analyzed. The results show that the wind speed has little effect on the equivalent curves of personal risk and social risk caused by the complete rupture of 1OOOm3 LNG tank. The more stable the atmospheric stability, the more disadvantageous the LNG diffusion caused by the LNG tank rupture. The influence of atmospheric stability on personal risk and social risk is greater than that on environmental wind speed. Through the calculation of personal risk value, the distance of external safety protection of our factory can be calculated to be 300 m.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE687

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