重载交通高速公路连续纵坡交通安全保障关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 17:17

本文关键词： 高速公路载重汽车连续纵坡安全保障运行速度风险评价　出处：《长安大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国交通建设与公路运输事业的快速发展，建设重心开始从平原微丘区向山岭重丘区转变，载重交通比例日益增大，致使山区高速公路交通安全问题十分严峻。因此，深入研究载重汽车在连续纵坡路段的运行特征，考虑并评估路段潜在安全风险，建立连续纵坡路段安全保障体系，不仅是山区高速公路运营安全的基础性课题，也是实现公路交通科学、可持续发展的迫切需要。以国内外研究现状分析为基础，界定了高速公路连续纵坡的明确含义，研究了基于运行速度的连续上坡理想坡长。从调查路段、观测地点、主导车型、调查时段等四个方面确定了高速公路连续纵坡交通安全调查方案，选择载重50t欧曼六轴载重货车做为实验车型，开展了运行速度和刹车毂温度的实测调查。通过分析高速公路连续下坡路段交通事故的发生机理，确定了运行速度预测模型和车毂温度预测模型等基础模型。以六轴载重货车的运行速度为因变量，选用连续下坡路段的累计坡长l和平均纵坡i作为自变量，基于多元线性回归理论，分别构建了平均纵坡i≤2%、i＞2%两种路段情况下的运行速度预测模型。采用拟合优度检验和回归方程显著性检验，检查了残差分布情况，结果表明符合正态假设的要求，并采用实测数据进一步验证，验证了模型的准确性和可行性。根据能量守恒定律，通过计算连续下坡路段汽车能量转换等式，引入坡度与坡长等自变量因素，建立了坡度、坡长与刹车毂温度关系模型。以内蒙某高速公路连续下坡路段K346+548-K334+637段为实测刹车毂温度数据为基础，对比分析了预测模型理论温度值。通过拟合刹车毂温度预测值、实测值的分布关系，建立了修正后的连续下坡路段刹车毂温度预测模型。以汽车受力分析为基础，考虑驱动平衡状态下的汽车运动方程，构建了基于性能的载重汽车运行速度预测模型，提出了综合反映各线性要素、路面情况、海拔以及风速等因素综合影响下的载重汽车运行速度预测方法，基于Visual Basic开发了运行速度预测系统。以内蒙某高速公路K000+000-K265+000段为例，进行了系统的实例应用。在现场调研和资料收集的基础上，深入分析了平面线形、纵断面线形、弯坡组合要素等道路线形与交通安全的关系，，并探讨了交通组成及交通量对交通安全的影响，确定了高速公路交通安全的主要影响因素。根据重载汽车特性，考虑运用运行速度和刹车毂温度的二维影响，提出了高速公路连续下坡危险度分级方法，明确了危险度等级的划分标准，给出不同危险度等级对应的量化坡长。以国内八条高速公路的交通事故统计资料为基础，运用SPSS数据统计分析软件，分析了亿万车公里事故率与平均速度、速度标准差的相关性，构建了高速公路连续上坡风险评价模型，阐述了的具体评价流程和步骤。通过现场调查与资料收集，分析了避险车道、标志标线、减速带、车道限制等既有高速公路交通安全设施的适用性。阐述了高速公路连续下坡安全保障方案的设计原则，提出了连续下坡安全保障方案理论分析与建设实施两阶段实施过程，并详细论述了诱导设施、警示设施、强制措施及避险车道的设置方法。考虑保障高速公路连续上坡通行能力及交通安全，提出了连续上坡路段限制措施的设置方法，结合大型车特性探讨了爬坡车道的布置条件和几何尺寸。重载交通高速公路连续纵坡交通安全保障关键技术研究采用现场调查、数学建模、理论分析、工程验证相结合的研究方法，提高了连续纵坡路段高速公路运营安全水平。不仅对山区高速公路建设具有重要的实践意义，对保障重大工程交通安全、交通建设和谐发展也有着重要的理论意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's transportation construction and transportation, construction focus from the beginning of plain and hilly area to the mountainous area change, the proportion of traffic load is increasing, resulting in the mountainous area highway traffic safety problem is very serious. Therefore, in-depth study of the truck running characteristics of continuous longitudinal slope sections, consider and evaluate potential sections safety risk, establish a continuous longitudinal section of the safety system, not only is a basic topic in mountainous expressway safety, but also realize the highway transportation science, the urgent need for sustainable development.
The research status at home and abroad on the basis of defined meaning highway continuous slope, based on the continuous uphill running speed. The ideal slope length from the investigation section, the observation locations and dominant models in four aspects: time to determine the highway traffic safety continuous slope survey scheme, choose the 50t six axis truck Auman truck as the experimental model, carried out the running speed and the brake hub temperature survey.
The occurrence mechanism of continuous downhill road traffic accidents through the analysis of the expressway, the speed prediction model of car hub and temperature prediction model based on variable model. Because of the running speed of six axis heavy trucks, using continuous downhill slope length L and the cumulative average longitudinal I as independent variables, multiple linear regression based on the theory, respectively. Construction of the average longitudinal slope I = 2%, I > 2% running speed of two road condition prediction model. The goodness of fit test and regression test, check the distribution of the residuals, the results show that in line with the assumption of normal requirements, and further verified by the measured data, verify the accuracy and feasibility of the model..
According to the law of conservation of energy, through the calculation of the continuous downhill car energy conversion equation, the slope gradient and slope length independent variable factors, established slope, slope length and brake drum temperature relation model. A freeway in Inner Mongolia continuous downhill section of K346+548-K334+637 section for the measured brake drum temperature data, comparative analysis of the theoretical value of the temperature prediction model. By fitting the brake drum temperature distribution prediction value, the measured value, a brake drum temperature prediction model of continuous downhill after correction.
Based on the analysis of auto loading, considering the vehicle motion equation driven equilibrium, construct the prediction model of truck speed based on performance, put forward a comprehensive reflection of linear elements, road conditions, prediction method of comprehensive effects of altitude and wind speed and other factors under the load of vehicle running speed, running speed of Visual Basic development the prediction system based on K000+000-K265+000. In the section of a highway in Inner Mongolia Province as an example, the application of the system.
Based on field investigation and data collection, in-depth analysis of the horizontal alignment, vertical alignment, curved elements combination relationship between road alignment and traffic safety, and discusses the influence of traffic and traffic volume of traffic safety, to determine the main influencing factors of the expressway traffic safety. According to the characteristics of heavy vehicle, considering the running speed and the two-dimensional brake drum temperature influence, proposed the highway continuous downhill risk classification method, the classification standard of danger degree of slope are different, quantify the danger degree of the corresponding length. With statistical data from eight domestic highway traffic accidents as the basis, using SPSS statistical analysis software, analysis of hundreds of millions of the car accident rate and average speed, the correlation speed standard deviation, the highway construction of continuous upgrade risk evaluation model, and expounds the specific evaluation process Step.
Through on-site investigation and data collection, analysis of the emergency lane, marking, deceleration zone, applicability of lane restriction and other existing highway traffic safety facilities. Expounds the design principles of highway continuous downhill security program, put forward the construction scheme of continuous downhill analysis and theory of security implementation process of the implementation of the two phase, are discussed in detail by warning facilities, facilities, setting method and emergency Lane enforcement measures. Considering the security of expressway running uphill traffic capacity and traffic safety, put forward a set of methods of continuous uphill road restrictions, combined with the large car characteristics discussed the layout condition and the geometric size of the climbing lane.
Heavy traffic highway continuous longitudinal research on the key technology of slope traffic safety by means of field investigation, mathematical modeling, theoretical analysis and research methods of combining engineering verification, improve the continuous longitudinal slope sections of the highway operation safety level. Not only has important practical significance for highway construction in mountainous areas, to ensure the safety of major traffic engineering, traffic construction and harmonious development has important theoretical significance.

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8

【引证文献】