页岩轻骨料的制备及其用于防火门芯板的研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 14:42

本文选题：膨胀页岩　切入点：轻骨料（陶粒）　出处：《湖南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：防火门是指在一定时间内能满足耐火稳定性、完整性和隔热性要求的主要用于建筑防火分区的防火墙开口、楼梯间出入口、疏散走道、管道井口等处的消防装置。防火门的开启，平常可用于人员通行。当发生火灾时，关闭防火门则可起到阻止火焰蔓延、防止燃烧烟气流动，并在正送风系统工作时起密封作用。防火门芯板填充材料是决定防火门质量的关键。近年来，高层建筑、大型商场、宾馆、饭店和影院等的数量不断兴建，防火门的用量急剧增加。高层建筑火灾事故时有发生，给人们的生命财产带来了巨大损失。防火门则成为了保护人们生命财产的重要屏障。硅酸盐铝棉、岩棉和玻璃棉等是以前用于防火门芯板的主要填充材料，其生产过程中粉尘大、污染重、严重危害人们的身体健康，而逐渐被新材料替代。新版GB12955-2008《防火门》要求填充材料必须耐火、环保。因此，质轻、环保、耐火性好。新型防火门芯板填充材料的研制迫在眉睫。本文讨论了将页岩烧制成的陶粒为骨料，以水泥、石膏、粉煤灰为胶凝材料，采用轻骨料混凝土的工艺方法制备了质轻、环保、耐火的轻骨料混凝土防火门芯板。本文也探讨了直接以膨胀页岩为原料，生产出块状的防火门芯板的可能性。本文首先研究了湖南益阳某地页岩原料的膨胀特征及烧成工艺制度。通过研究页岩的化学成分、矿物成分以及综合热分析特征，分析了页岩的膨胀机理，评价了轻骨料陶粒制备的可行性。研究了页岩烧制陶粒的烧成温度、升温速率、保温时间等方面的工艺参数。确定了烧结温度为1200℃，升温速率为13℃/min，保温时间为20min为较为理想的烧成制度。分别在河南和湖南祁东的陶粒厂进行了工业化试验，所得轻骨料经湖南省建筑材料质检站检验，其容重等级为400kg/m3，，抗压强度为≥1.0MPa，软化系数≥0.8，无放射性，各项性能指标完全符合国家相关标准的要求。本文利用预填骨料灌浆法制备了各项性能指标符合防火门芯板的骨料混凝土。首先采用固定其它变量，只变其中某个因素，分别研究了水、石膏、粉煤灰对轻骨料混凝土性能的影响。在此基础上，再用均匀设计方法，结合回归分析数据处理方法，综合考虑胶凝材料各组分对轻骨料混凝土容重及抗压强度的影响，从而确定了胶凝材料各组分的理想配方。在此基础上，引入了发泡剂，减轻了轻骨料混凝土的容重，并进一步研究了轻骨料混凝土用作防火门芯板的可行性。工作过程中，还将页岩按一定的粒度级配，并装入陶瓷匣钵中烧成，得到了容重为210kg/m3～280kg/m3的块状膨胀页岩，讨论了其用于防火芯板的可行性。以页岩陶粒轻骨料及水泥、石膏、粉煤灰等为原料，再配以适当外加剂制备的轻骨料混凝土，其性能达到了国家标准关于防火门填充材料的要求，可以用作防火门芯板的填充材料。轻骨料混凝土原料丰富，易得，性能优良，可为防火门的制造及推广应用提供重要的物质保证，对减少火灾损失，保护人们生命财产具有很大的意义。
[Abstract]:The fire door is in a certain period of time to meet the fire stability, integrity and is mainly used for building fire zoning insulation requirements of the firewall opening, staircase entrance, evacuation walk, fire pipe wellhead device. The fire door opened, usually can be used for personnel access. When fire occurs, the fire door is closed can be stopped to prevent the combustion flame spread, smoke flow, and play a role in sealing the air supply system is working. Fire door core board filling material is the key to determine the fire door quality. In recent years, high-rise buildings, large shopping malls, hotels, restaurants and the number of cinemas being built, the amount of rapid fire door increased. The high-rise building fire accident occurred, has brought huge losses to people's lives and property. The fire door has become an important barrier to protect the lives and property of people.
Aluminum silicate cotton, wool and glass wool is formerly used for the main filling material fire door core board, dust, the production process of heavy pollution, serious harm to people's health, and will gradually be replaced. The new version of GB12955-2008< new material fire door requirements > filling material must be resistant to fire, environmental protection. Therefore, light, environmental protection, good fire resistance. The new material development imminent fire door core board is filled.
This paper discusses the shale ceramsite made as aggregate, cement, gypsum, fly ash cementitious materials, preparation methods of lightweight aggregate concrete prepared lightweight, environmentally friendly, lightweight aggregate concrete fire door core board refractory. The paper also discusses directly to the expanded shale as raw material, produce the possibility of fire the door core plate block.
This paper studies the Hunan shale in Yiyang material expansion characteristics and sintering system. Through the study on the chemical constituents of shale, analysis of the characteristics of mineral composition and comprehensive thermal analysis, the expansion mechanism of shale, evaluate the feasibility of the lightweight aggregate preparation. The shale fired ceramic sintering temperature, heating rate. The process parameters and other aspects of the holding time. The sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C, the heating rate is 13 DEG /min, the holding time is 20min for the ideal firing system were carried out. The industrial test in Henan and Hunan Qidong ceramic factory, the lightweight aggregate by the Hunan provincial building materials quality inspection station testing, the bulk density grade 400kg/m3, compressive strength is more than 1.0MPa, the softening coefficient is less than 0.8, non radioactive, various performance indicators fully meet the requirements of national standards.
This paper was prepared by the method of grouting filling aggregate each performance index meets the aggregate concrete fire door core board. The first use of pre fixed by other variables, only one factor, gypsum water, study the influence of fly ash on properties of lightweight aggregate concrete. On this basis, the method of uniform design and regression analysis, combined with the data processing method, considering the influence of each component on the cementitious material of lightweight aggregate concrete density and compressive strength, so as to determine the ideal formula of cementitious material components. Based on this, introduced the foaming agent, reduce the bulk density of lightweight aggregate concrete, and further study the feasibility of lightweight aggregate concrete used for fireproof door core board.
In the process of work, will also be according to shale particle gradation, and a ceramic sagger firing obtained, bulk density was 210kg/m3 ~ 280kg/m3 massive shale, the feasibility of fireproof core plate is discussed.
The shale ceramsite lightweight aggregate and cement, gypsum, fly ash and other raw materials, with lightweight aggregate concrete admixture with proper preparation, its performance has reached the requirements of the national standard for fire door packing material, can be used as filling material of fireproof door core board. Lightweight aggregate concrete rich raw materials, excellent performance, easy to get. Can provide important material guarantee for the manufacture and application of fire doors, to reduce the loss of the fire, which is of great significance to protect the life and property of people.

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU892;TU528

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