高速铁路联调联试行车安全关键环节分析及评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 08:02

本文选题：高速铁路　切入点：联调联试　出处：《北京交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：安全是铁路运输永恒的主题。截至2012年末,我国的高速铁路运营里程已达到9300多公里,成为世界上高速铁路运营里程最长的国家。在高速铁路运营里程不断增长的今天,安全更是高速铁路的重要关注点。高速铁路的建设是一个庞大的、复杂的系统工程。在高速铁路运营前,一般都要对高速铁路各子系统进行调试和检测,并测试各子系统之间的接口,使各系统的整体系统性能和功能达到设计要求,此即联调联试。高速铁路联调联试过程中,确保试验的安全是核心任务。本文是在本人亲身参与为期四个月的高速铁路联调联试的全部过程后,在了解国内外的研究状况并结合现场保证联调联试行车安全的经验的基础上,从中提取和分析了联调联试行车安全的关键环节,将关键关节引申进而提出联调联试行车安全事故的三种形态,并对三种事故形态进行分析和归纳。应用了设备与人员操作能力匹配、耗散结构理论熵流模型来对引起事故的因素及其关联关系进行分析。结合安全评价的“人-机-管-环”四方面,将高速铁路联调联试行车安全的影响因素划分为六个单元,特别引入HAZOP分析法,对各项因素进行产生原因和导致后果的分析,提出预防安全的改进措施和建议,建立了高速铁路联调联试行车安全的评价指标体系。本文通过比较模糊评价、主成分分析、层次分析法等六种评价方法后,根据评价指标具有层次性的特点,采用了层次分析法对高速铁路联调联试行车安全指标体系确定权重系数,并分别对各项指标进行层次排序。依据高速铁路联调联试的行车安全的指标具有不确定性的特点,选用基于灰色理论的综合评价评价模型,对高速铁路联调联试行车安全采用白化权函数对其进行综合评价,得出评价结果。最后以实际的高速铁路线为算例,邀请专家打分,并应用研究的综合评价模型评价该条高速铁路联调联试的行车安全的关键环节进行评价。根据得出的评价结果,对影响该条高铁联调联试行车安全的因素提出改进措施和建议。本文的创新点主要有以下四个方面： (1)根据亲身参与联调联试的全过程,借助在实际过程中积累的经验,对联调联试行车安全的各个环节进行总结和归纳,并提出影响联调联试行车安全的关键环节。 (2)针对影响联调联试行车安全的关键环节因素和事故形态进行分析,并结合关键环节和事故形态的的分析,建立行车安全的评价指标体系。 (3)针对评价指标的特性,参照了国内外的评价方法,提出了指标计算和评价的模型。 (4)设计了针对关键环节和事故形态的评价方法,并计算出评价结果,形成了基于结果为导向的分析思路,对联调联试的行车安全提供改进的措施和建议,确保联调联试行车关键环节的安全。以此为基础,可以延伸到联调联试的各个环节,以保证联调联试整体过程的安全。
[Abstract]:Safety is the eternal theme of railway transportation. As of end of 2012, China's high-speed railway mileage has reached more than 9300 kilometers, becoming the world's longest high-speed railway mileage. Safety is an important concern of high-speed railway. The construction of high-speed railway is a huge and complicated system engineering. Before the high-speed railway operation, it is necessary to debug and test the subsystems of the high-speed railway, and test the interface between the subsystems. It is the key task to ensure the safety of the test in the process of high speed railway connection test, which makes the performance and function of the whole system meet the design requirements. This paper is based on my personal participation in the whole process of the high-speed railway joint dispatching test for four months, on the basis of understanding the research situation at home and abroad, and combining with the experience of ensuring the safety of the joint dispatching test operation on the spot. This paper extracts and analyzes the key links of the safety of the combined dispatching test train, and then extends the key joints and puts forward three forms of the safety accidents of the combined dispatching test trains. And three kinds of accident patterns are analyzed and summarized. The matching of equipment and personnel operation ability is applied. The theoretical entropy flow model of dissipative structure is used to analyze the factors causing accidents and their correlation relations. Combined with the four aspects of safety evaluation, such as "man-machine-tube-loop", the factors affecting the safety of high-speed railway connection and dispatching test operation are divided into six units. In particular, the HAZOP analysis method is introduced to analyze the causes and consequences of various factors, to put forward the improvement measures and suggestions for the prevention of safety, and to establish the evaluation index system of the safety of the high-speed railway combined with the test operation. This paper compares six evaluation methods, such as fuzzy evaluation, principal component analysis and analytic hierarchy process, according to the hierarchical characteristics of the evaluation index. In this paper, AHP is used to determine the weight coefficient of the safety index system of high-speed railway combined dispatching test, and each index is ranked in hierarchy order. According to the characteristics of uncertainty in the driving safety index of the high-speed railway joint dispatching test, the method of AHP is used to determine the weight coefficient of the safety index system of the combined dispatching test of high-speed railway. The comprehensive evaluation model based on grey theory is selected to evaluate the safety of the combined dispatching test operation of high-speed railway with whitening weight function, and the evaluation results are obtained. Finally, taking the actual high-speed railway line as an example, experts are invited to mark it. According to the evaluation results, the improvement measures and suggestions are put forward for the factors that affect the safety of the high-speed railway combined dispatching test. The innovations of this paper are as follows:. 1) according to the whole process of participating in the combined dispatching test personally and with the help of the experience accumulated in the actual process, this paper sums up and induces the various links of the safety of the dispatching test train, and puts forward the key links that affect the safety of the combined dispatching test train. (2) to analyze the key factors and accident patterns that affect the safety of the combined dispatching test train, and to establish the evaluation index system of the traffic safety by combining the analysis of the key links and the accident patterns. 3) according to the characteristics of evaluation index and referring to the evaluation methods at home and abroad, the model of index calculation and evaluation is put forward. (4) the evaluation method for key links and accident forms is designed, and the evaluation results are calculated, and the result-based analysis ideas are formed to provide the measures and suggestions for improving the driving safety of the dispatching test. On the basis of this, it can be extended to every link of the joint test, in order to ensure the safety of the whole process of the joint test.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U298.1

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