不同类型洗消剂用于甲醇泄漏应急处置的对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 05:49

本文选题：甲醇　切入点：泄漏　出处：《工业安全与环保》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在小型模拟泄漏箱中,对细水雾、活性炭粉和泡沫3种洗消剂用于甲醇泄漏应急处置的有效性进行了实验研究。结果表明,在洗消剂用量为泄漏甲醇质量3倍的条件下,细水雾的洗消率可达70%以上,但箱体中的甲醇蒸气浓度快速回升;活性炭粉的洗消率仅为40%,但甲醇蒸气浓度回升幅度较小;泡沫的洗消率在90%以上,且甲醇蒸气浓度回升较慢。3种洗消剂施加后均不能使箱底的液态甲醇固化,流动的液体甲醇存在着扩大污染区域的潜在风险。采用干粉和泡沫联合洗消是甲醇泄漏应急处置的有效手段,对甲醇蒸气的洗消率达95%以上,并可使箱底的液态甲醇迅速凝固,抑制甲醇蒸气的二次挥发,克服了单一洗消剂使用时的不足,实现了两者的优势互补。
[Abstract]:The effectiveness of water mist, activated carbon powder and foam for emergency treatment of methanol leakage was studied in a small simulated leak tank. The results showed that the dosage of detergent was 3 times the mass of leaked methanol. The removal rate of water mist can reach more than 70%, but the concentration of methanol vapor in the box is rising rapidly, the removal rate of activated carbon powder is only 40, but the recovery rate of methanol vapor concentration is small, and the removal rate of foam is more than 90%. Moreover, the concentration of methanol vapor recovered slowly and the liquid methanol in the bottom of the box could not be solidified after the application of 3 kinds of detergent. The liquid methanol flowing has the potential risk of expanding the polluted area. The combined washing of dry powder and foam is an effective means for the emergency disposal of methanol leakage. The removal rate of methanol vapor is more than 95%, and the liquid methanol at the bottom of the tank can solidify rapidly. The secondary volatilization of methanol vapor was inhibited, the deficiency of single detergent was overcome, and the advantages of both were complementary.
【作者单位】：中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室;总装备部工程设计研究总院;
【基金】：十二五科技支撑计划项目(2015BAK37B01)
【分类号】：TQ086;TQ223.121

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