基于我国船旗国检查结果的船舶安全评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 19:40

本文选题：船旗国安全检查　切入点：内贸船舶　出处：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：世界贸易的不断发展催促着世界运输业的发展。海运运输因具有运力大、运价低的特点,承担着世界上80%以上运输总量,伴随着航运业的发展,船舶安全就越来越被世界各国所重视。船舶安全检查,一般可从检查的目标上划分为港口国监督(PSC PORT STATE CONTROL)和船旗国监督(FSC FLAG STATE CONTROL)两部分。我国于1982年开始在大连和天津港务监督试点。1994年,我国正式成为东京备忘录成员,我国现在沿海及内河的大部分港口都已开展了FSC检查工作。船舶安全风险评估是一个复杂的研究课题,而船舶安全检查是海事主管机构对船舶实施的一种动态直接的安全风险隐患监督检查工作,我国海事管理机构每年都要付出大量的人力和物力来开展船舶安全检查工作。开展船舶安全检查工作,就是要对船舶航行和作业过程中影响正常生产的各种物与人的因素,如船体结构、主要设备、船员适任等方面进行检查,并非仅仅是船舶硬件,而是包括了船舶设备、船员、船舶安全管理等诸多因素的集合,从而有效保障海上生命和财产的安全,有效保护海洋环境。本文围绕目前国际PSC及国内FSC检查的现状,指出我国FSC检查作为我国海事主管机关对船舶进行监督管理的重要手段,其对减少低标准船舶,促进船舶技术状况的改善,保护船舶安全,维护海洋环境起到重要的作用。但是由于海事监管力量有限,不可能对所有船舶实施不间断的监管,而我国船舶FSC检查后,缺乏相应的对船舶安全性定量的评估,尤其是难以区分在FSC中被检查出存在缺陷但未存在滞留缺陷的船舶安全性的高低,使得海事日常监管重复性高,缺乏重点,船公司也无法充分利用FSC检查结果开展有针对性的安全管理。本文借鉴国外相关的船舶安全检查目标选择、安全风险评估上的研究成果,并根据我国的实际情况,利用聚类分析法,并结合FSA(Formal Safety Assessment)对已被FSC检查的船舶做出其安全性相应的评价,并通过实例进行分析校正,为今后我国海事管理机构和船公司充分利用我国FSC检查成果,集中力量对安全性较低的船舶进行重点安全监管和管理提供参考,进而提升管理效率,节约成本,有效保障船舶安全。
[Abstract]:The continuous development of world trade hastens the development of the world transportation industry. Because of the characteristics of large capacity and low freight rate, maritime transport undertakes the total transportation volume of more than 80% in the world, which is accompanied by the development of the shipping industry. The ship safety is paid more and more attention by the countries all over the world. Ship safety inspection can generally be divided into two parts: PSC PORT STATE control) and FSC FLAG STATE control. China has formally become a member of the Tokyo Memorandum, and most of the ports along the coast and inland rivers in China have already carried out FSC inspection work. Ship safety risk assessment is a complex research topic. And the ship safety inspection is a kind of dynamic and direct supervision and inspection of the hidden danger of safety risk, which is carried out by the maritime competent authority. The maritime administration in our country has to pay a great deal of manpower and material resources every year to carry out the work of ship safety inspection. To carry out the work of ship safety inspection is to affect all kinds of things and human factors that affect normal production in the course of ship navigation and operation. For example, the inspection of hull structure, main equipment, crew suitability and so on is not just the hardware of the ship, but a collection of many factors, such as ship equipment, crew, ship safety management, etc. Thus effectively safeguard the safety of life and property at sea, and effectively protect the marine environment. This paper focuses on the present situation of international PSC and domestic FSC inspection, and points out that China's FSC inspection, as an important means for the supervision and management of ships by our maritime authorities, can reduce the number of low-standard ships and promote the improvement of ship technical conditions. The protection of ship safety and the maintenance of marine environment play an important role. However, due to the limited power of maritime supervision, it is impossible to carry out uninterrupted supervision over all ships. However, after the FSC inspection of ships in China, Lack of corresponding quantitative assessment of ship safety, especially it is difficult to distinguish the safety of ships with defects but no residual defects in FSC, which makes the daily maritime supervision high repeatability and lack of emphasis. The shipping company is unable to make full use of the FSC inspection results to carry out targeted safety management. This paper draws lessons from the research results of foreign ship safety inspection target selection, safety risk assessment, and according to the actual situation of our country, Using cluster analysis method and combining with FSA(Formal Safety assessment to evaluate the safety of ships that have been inspected by FSC, and making analysis and correction through examples, so as to make full use of our country's FSC inspection results for our maritime administration agencies and shipping companies in the future. This paper focuses on providing reference for key safety supervision and management of ships with low security, thus improving management efficiency, saving cost and ensuring ship safety effectively.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U698

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