抚顺特钢炼钢系统粉尘作业的职业卫生管控制度优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 01:08

本文选题：抚顺特钢　切入点：炼钢系统　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文采用文献参考法、现场调查法、图表统计法、比较法、实验法和评价法对抚顺特钢炼钢系统粉尘作业的职业卫生管控制度进行调查研究究并补充改进，通过对抚顺特钢炼钢系统一炼钢、二炼钢和三炼钢车间生产性粉尘时间加权平均接触浓度、生产性粉尘超限倍数、粉尘游离二氧化硅含量的检测和对2010年至2012年炼钢系统工人的体检情况分析，表明抚顺特钢炼钢系统粉尘作业的管理制度优化合理，控制成效良好。本课题取得的主要研究成果如下： (1)抚顺特钢炼钢系统设立了职业卫生管理机构，合理组建科室，设置职业卫生专业技术人员，积极管理控制生产作业环境的安全性。抚顺特钢炼钢系统制定并实施了多项职业卫生管控项目，包括职业卫生防治经费管理、职业卫生档案管理、职业卫生管理制度与操作规程的制定、职业卫生宣传教育制度管理、职业卫生培训制度管理和职业病应急救援预案制度管理等，并针对不同职业危害因素设定相对应的管理项目。 (2)抚顺特钢炼钢系统关于粉尘作业的职业卫生管理项目包括：除尘系统设置管理、除尘系统维护检修管理、个人防尘用品使用管理、粉尘作业的职业卫生监护制度和防尘警示标识设置管理，但这些管理项目不全面，还需对抚顺特钢炼钢系统粉尘作业在作业管理、作业环境管理、健康管理、职业卫生教育四个方面进行改进。本课题在抚顺特钢炼钢系统的粉尘检测、防尘设备、入职前健康检查、入职中定期健康检查、特殊健康检查、尘肺诊断、尘肺病人分级、入职前卫生教育、入职中教育、提高教育以及尘肺患者康复教育管理等方面做出补充和要求。 (3)抚顺特钢炼钢系统一炼钢、二炼钢和三炼钢车间主要粉尘检测项目为生产性粉尘时间加权平均接触浓度检测、生产性粉尘超限倍数检测和粉尘游离二氧化硅含量检测。经过现场检测和实验室检测分析，结果表明：一炼钢粉尘游离二氧化硅含量低于10%，属于“其他粉尘”一类，CTWA值为1.76mg/m3，未超标；一炼钢各岗位的生产性粉尘CTWA值小于PC-TWA值，均未超标；上料间的萤石混合性粉尘(总)实际超限倍数为9.7倍，，大于最大超限倍数，属于超标，其余岗位接触的粉尘超限倍数均符合《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分：化学有害因素》的限值要求。二炼钢粉尘游离二氧化硅含量低于10%，属于“其他粉尘”一类，CTWA值为1.28mg/m3，未超标；二炼钢各岗位的生产性粉尘CTWA值小于PC-TWA值，均未超标；上料间的萤石混合性粉尘(总)实际超限倍数为11.2倍，大于最大超限倍数，属于超标，其余岗位接触的粉尘超限倍数均符合《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分：化学有害因素》的限值要求。三炼钢各岗位的生产性粉尘CTWA值小于PC-TWA值，均未超标；15吨电渣炉和30吨电渣炉的萤石混合性粉尘(总)实际超限倍数分别为10.7倍和10.9倍，大于最大超限倍数，属于超标，其余岗位接触的粉尘超限倍数均符合《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分：化学有害因素》的限值要求。 (4)抚顺特钢严格按照《职业卫生及职业健康监护管理规定》，委托抚顺市职业病防治院每年定期对接触职业病危害因素的工人进行职业健康体检，根据2010年至2012年炼钢系统工人的体检情况看，未发现粉尘危害的职业病和疑似职业病病人，发现粉尘职业禁忌证1人，对职业禁忌证者采取调离相关岗位的处置方式。企业关于粉尘职业健康监护情况符合《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》和《职业健康监护技术规范》(GBZ188-2007)的相关要求。
[Abstract]:This article uses the literature reference method, field survey method, statistical chart method, comparative method, occupation health control system test and evaluation method of Fushun special steel steelmaking system dust were investigated by adding modified by a steelmaking steelmaking system of Fushun steel, two steel and three steel smelting workshop dust production time weighted average contact concentration, the production of dust over multiple detection and analysis of dust and free silica content on 2010 to 2012 making system of workers health examination, shows that the management system optimization of Fushun special steel making system of dust control is reasonable, good effect. The main results are as follows:
(1) Fushun special steel making system set up occupation health management organizations, set up a reasonable set of departments, health professional and technical personnel occupation, active management of safety control production environment. The Fushun special steel making system formulated and implemented a number of occupation health management project, including the occupation health prevention funds management, occupation health archives management, formulation of occupation the health management system and operating procedures, occupation health education management system, occupation health management system of training and occupation disease emergency rescue plan management system, and according to the different occupation harm factors set corresponding to the project management.
(2) Fushun special steel making system on dust occupation health management project includes: dedusting system setting management dedusting system maintenance management, personal dust supplies use management, dust and dust monitoring system occupation health warning signs set management, but the management of the project is not comprehensive, the need for management of Fushun special steel steelmaking dust system in operation, the operating environment management, health management, improve four aspects of occupation health education. The subject in the dust of Fushun special steel steelmaking system testing, dust-proof equipment, before the entry into the school health examination, regular health examination, health examination, diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconiosis classification, before the entry into the health education. Vocational education, improving the education and rehabilitation of patients with pneumoconiosis education management to supplement and requirement.
(3) Fushun special steel making system of a steel, two steel and three steel workshop main project for the production of dust dust detection time weighted average exposure concentration detection, detection of the production of dust and dust overrun detection ratio of free silica content. Through field test and laboratory analysis results show that:
A steel dust free silica content less than 10%, which belongs to the "dust" category, the CTWA value is 1.76mg/m3, did not exceed the standard; the production of dust CTWA steel for each position value less than PC-TWA, did not exceed the standard; fluorite mixed dust (total) material between the actual limit ratio is 9.7 times greater than the maximum limit. To exceed the standard, over multiple dust remaining positions are in line with multiple contact < workplace harmful factors of occupation exposure limit of first parts: chemical hazards > limits.
Two steelmaking dust free silica content less than 10%, belonging to the "dust" category, the CTWA value is 1.28mg/m3, did not exceed the standard; the production of dust CTWA two steel posts value less than PC-TWA, did not exceed the standard; fluorite mixed dust (total) material between the actual limit ratio is 11.2 times greater than the maximum limit. To exceed the standard, over multiple dust remaining positions are in line with multiple contact < workplace harmful factors of occupation exposure limit of first parts: chemical hazards > limits.
The production of dust CTWA three steel posts value less than PC-TWA, did not exceed the standard; fluorite mixed dust 15 tons and 30 tons of electroslag furnace electroslag furnace (total) actual overload multiples were 10.7 times and 10.9 times greater than the maximum limit to exceed the standard, multiple dust overrun multiple contact are in line with the rest of the post work "workplace harmful factors occupation contact limiting value of first parts: chemical hazards > limits.
(4) Fushun special steel in strict accordance with the provisions on the management of occupation and occupation health "health care", commissioned by the occupation disease prevention Hospital of Fushun city every year on a regular basis, contact occupation hazards workers occupation health examination from 2010 to 2012, according to the examination of steelmaking system of workers, not found in dust hazard occupation disease and suspected occupation disease patients dust, found occupation contraindication of 1 people, take out related disposal of occupation contraindications. Occupation health care enterprises on the dust with "People's Republic of China occupation disease prevention law" and "occupation health technical specification > (GBZ188-2007) the relevant requirements.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TF088;TF758

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