基于SBT的复杂状态预防与改出训练科目研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 16:58

本文选题：LOC-I事故　切入点：复杂状态　出处：《中国民用航空飞行学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着民用航空业的快速发展,我国机队规模和航班数量不断增加,保障飞行安全成为重中之重。近年来,航空技术飞速发展,航空器的安全性更高了,然而从实际运行来看,由人为因素、飞机故障、环境因素等造成的不安全事件并未减少,在这些不安全事件中占比例最大的是LOC-I类事故。目前,LOC-I类事故已经位列全球运输飞行中导致机毁人亡的首要原因。LOC-I类事故主要是飞行员在飞行操纵的过程中使飞机出现危险姿态后进入复杂状态,未能从复杂状态中改出导致飞机失控。民航客机具备稳定的自动飞行能力,在实际飞行中飞行员也相当的依赖于飞机的自动驾驶,这也造成飞行员缺乏成熟精练的飞行操纵技能,一旦飞机出现险情且飞机自动驾驶不可用,飞行员很难做出合理的反应。飞行事故主要由以下情况造成:发动机失效、机械系统故障、飞行员操纵不当、风切变、积冰等,这些情况出现时如未有效处置,往往会导致飞机出现危险姿态,从而使飞机进入复杂状态。本次论文主要是针对导致事故率较高的复杂状态问题,就飞行员怎样预防复杂状态和改出复杂状态进行研究,完成飞行员复杂状态预防与改出训练科目的设计。为使研究的内容具有实际意义,论文基于全球范围内有关复杂状态的民航事故案例,以事故场景、限制因素等为起点,对事故原因进行分析。以模拟机实验数据为基础,分析事故飞机的飞行状态信息、事故原因等,对潜在的复杂状态、识别复杂状态的标准、预防复杂状态的标准、如何改出复杂状态进行研究,设计出基于事故场景训练的复杂状态预防与改出训练科目,完成训练科目设计后对其可行性进行分析,同时完成用于预防复杂状态模拟训练的可视化监视分析软件设计。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the civil aviation industry, the scale of the aircraft fleet and the number of flights in our country are increasing, and ensuring flight safety has become the top priority. In recent years, with the rapid development of aviation technology, the safety of aircraft has become even higher. However, from the point of view of actual operation, Unsafe incidents caused by human factors, aircraft failures and environmental factors have not been reduced. The largest proportion of these unsafe incidents is the LOC-I type accident. At present, LOC-I type accident has been ranked as the leading cause of death in the global transport flight. The main cause of the LOC-I type accident is that the pilot makes the flight in the course of flight control. The plane is in a complex state after it appears a dangerous posture. The failure to get out of the complex state can cause the plane to get out of control. Civilian airliners have stable automatic flight capabilities, and in actual flight pilots are also quite dependent on the autopilot of the aircraft. This also causes pilots to lack mature and sophisticated flight control skills, and it is difficult for pilots to respond properly once a plane is in danger and its autopilot is unavailable. Flight accidents are mainly caused by engine failure. Failure of the mechanical system, improper pilot handling, windshear, ice accumulation, etc., which, if not dealt with effectively, often lead to dangerous posture on the aircraft. So that the aircraft into a complex state. This paper is aimed at leading to a high accident rate of the complex state of the problem, the pilot how to prevent the complex state and change out of the complex state of study, In order to make the content of the research have practical significance, the thesis bases on the civil aviation accident case of the complex state in the global scope, takes the accident scene, the limiting factor and so on as the starting point. Based on the experimental data of the simulator, the flight state information of the accident plane, the cause of the accident, the criteria of identifying the complex state and the standard of preventing the complex state are analyzed. How to change the complex state to study, design the complex state prevention and training course based on the accident scene training, and analyze the feasibility of the training course after the completion of the training course design. At the same time, the design of visual monitoring and analysis software for preventing complex state simulation training is completed.
【学位授予单位】：中国民用航空飞行学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V328

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