城际轨道交通隧道疏散与防灾研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 21:32

本文选题：隧道火灾　切入点：城际轨道交通隧道　出处：《西南交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,伴随着我国铁路事业的跨越式大发展,城际轨道交通也取得了长足的进步,同时城际轨道交通隧道的防灾救援的问题也就出现了。城际轨道交通隧道作为半封闭空间,在发生火灾后,若隧道的防灾救援措施不及时,可能会对人员的生命造成严重的危害。《铁路隧道防灾救援疏散工程设计规范》已经颁布,对隧道的防灾疏散做出了详细的要求,但是该《规范》明确提出：对城市隧道、水下隧道和高海拔隧道的防灾救援应结合工程特点进行特殊设计。和山岭隧道或者地铁相比,城际轨道交通隧道具有技术标准、运行车辆和行车调度等特点。本文以穗莞深城际线为背景,研究以下问题：分析城际轨道交通区间隧道内各种疏散设施对人员疏散的影响并找出各种疏散设施的内在关系。模拟列车发生火灾时烟气的蔓流以及对人员疏散的影响,并提出城际轨道交通区间隧道内防灾系统。通过以上问题的研究,系统的研究了城际轨道交通隧道的防灾救援,得出了以下的结论： (1)列车在隧道内随机停车的危险性大。列车随机停车和列车停在紧急救援站相比,人员必需疏散时间大大增加。 (2)隧道为狭长型构筑物,应重视人员疏散整个过程的安全性。通过分析得出了列车随机停车时的停车最有利和最不利位置。 (3)司乘人员的引导作用非常大。在有无司乘人员引导的工况下,总疏散时间最大差值达到2.5min。 (4)本文重点研究了双洞单线隧道的横通道间距、救援通道宽度和高、低通道方案三个方面疏散设施,结果表明救援通道宽度的影响最大,低通道方案优于高通道方案,横通道间距为500m和400m时,对人员疏散安全性影响不大。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the great development of railway in our country, intercity rail transit has made great progress, and the problem of disaster prevention and rescue of intercity rail transit tunnel has also appeared. As a semi-closed space, inter-city rail transit tunnel is a semi-closed space. After the fire, if the disaster prevention and rescue measures are not timely, it may cause serious harm to the human life. The "Design Code for disaster Prevention, Rescue and evacuation Engineering of Railway Tunnel" has been promulgated, which makes detailed requirements for disaster prevention and evacuation of tunnels. However, the Code clearly states that: for urban tunnels, The disaster prevention and rescue of underwater tunnel and high altitude tunnel should be combined with engineering characteristics. Compared with mountain tunnel or subway, intercity rail transit tunnel has the characteristics of technical standard, running vehicle and driving dispatching. This paper takes the Intercity Line of Guanshen as the background. The following problems are studied: analyzing the influence of various evacuation facilities in intercity rail transit tunnel on evacuation and finding out the internal relations of various evacuation facilities, simulating the flue gas flow in train fire and its influence on evacuation. The disaster prevention system in intercity rail transit tunnel is proposed. Through the study of the above problems, the disaster prevention and rescue of intercity rail transit tunnel is studied systematically, and the following conclusions are drawn:. 1) the danger of random stop of train in tunnel is great. The necessary evacuation time of train stopping at random is much longer than that of stopping in emergency rescue station. 2) the tunnel is a long and narrow structure, the safety of the whole process of evacuation should be paid attention to, and the most favorable and the most unfavorable position of stopping when the train stops at random is obtained through the analysis. The maximum difference of the total evacuation time is 2.5 min under the condition of whether there is the guidance of the rider or not. (4) this paper focuses on the evacuation facilities in three aspects, namely, the distance of the cross passage, the width and height of the rescue channel, and the scheme of low passage. The results show that the width of the rescue channel is the most important, and the low channel scheme is superior to the high channel scheme. The safety of evacuation is not affected by the distance of 500m and 400m.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U458;U298

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