移动式救生舱内空气环境设计与模拟

发布时间：2018-04-01 23:37

本文选题：救生舱　切入点：环境　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤炭生产过程中矿难事故频发，安全问题已经成为困扰我国煤矿行业的最大问题，在此背景下，矿用可移动式救生舱应运而生。矿难事故时，很可能会发生爆炸、冲击、火灾等现象，矿井内会产生高温环境且会产生大量有毒、有害气体。救生舱内避难人员自身代谢会不断产生热量和水分，蓄电池、空气净化设备等的工作也会释放大量的热量。因此，救生舱内会形成一个高温、高湿的环境，如何解决密闭隔热空间中的高温、高湿问题成为研究的重点。本文对目前矿用可移动式救生舱内常用的三种空调系统进行了分析，通过对比普通空调制冷、CO_2相变制冷以及空调蓄冰制冷的优缺点，表明在救生舱内特殊环境中蓄冰空调是解决舱内高温、高湿问题的较为理想的方案。根据这一方案，文中对12人型标准救生舱内的产热、散湿量进行了计算，从而为救生舱内蓄冰柜的设计以及干燥剂的用量提供了理论依据。经计算表明，在舱内配备一定数量的干燥剂配合冰蓄冷降温除湿完全可以将舱内的湿度控制在人体可接受范围内。本文针对救生舱内狭小的空间，对救生舱的送风方案进行了设计，并利用Airpak软件中的室内零方程模型对救生舱内不同送风方案下的气流组织进行了模拟，通过分析舱内的温度场、速度场、空气龄值、不均匀系数以及通风效率等相关参数，，确定了贴附射流为救生舱内较为理想的送风方式。对救生舱内贴附射流送风方式在不同送风参数下进行数值模拟，为了利用有限的冷量和能量使舱内的温湿度达到人体可接受范围内，对舱内人员静坐区域竖向切面的温度场、速度场进行了模拟分析，研究了区域温度分布和速度分布对人体的影响，确定了合适的送风温度和送风速度。
[Abstract]:In the process of coal production, mine accidents occur frequently, and safety problems have become the biggest problem puzzling the coal mine industry in our country. Under this background, the mine movable lifebuoy has emerged as the times require.In mine accidents, explosion, shock, fire and other phenomena may occur, and high temperature environment and a large number of toxic and harmful gases will be produced in the mine.The savior's own metabolism will produce heat and moisture continuously. The work of battery and air purifying equipment will also release a lot of heat.Therefore, there will be a high temperature and high humidity environment in the lifebuoy. How to solve the high temperature and high humidity problem in the airtight heat insulation space becomes the focus of the research.In this paper, three kinds of air conditioning systems commonly used in mine movable lifebuoys are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of phase change refrigeration and ice storage refrigeration of ordinary air conditioners are compared.It shows that ice storage air conditioning in special environment is an ideal solution to the high temperature and humidity problem in the cabin.According to this scheme, the heat production and moisture dissipation in the 12-man standard lifebuoy are calculated, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of the freezer and the amount of desiccant in the tank.It is shown by calculation that the humidity in the cabin can be controlled within the acceptable range of human body with a certain amount of desiccant and ice storage cooling and dehumidification.Aiming at the narrow space in the lifebuoy, the air supply scheme of the lifebuoy is designed in this paper, and the airflow distribution under different air supply schemes in the lifebuoy is simulated by using the indoor zero equation model in the Airpak software.By analyzing the temperature field, velocity field, air age value, non-uniform coefficient and ventilation efficiency of the cabin, it is determined that the attached jet is an ideal air supply mode in the lifebuoy.In order to make use of the limited cooling capacity and energy to make the temperature and humidity of the cabin within the acceptable range of human body, the vertical tangent temperature field of the sitting area of the occupants in the cabin is simulated numerically under different air supply parameters.The effects of regional temperature distribution and velocity distribution on human body are studied and the appropriate air temperature and velocity are determined.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD774

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