聚焦钻孔直流电法超前探测模拟研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 05:16

本文选题：直流三极法　切入点：聚焦钻孔直流电法　出处：《山东科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿井在建设和生产过程中,矿井水灾是常见的煤矿主要灾害之一,巷道掘进面突水问题更是非常严峻。一旦发生突水,极有可能淹没采区和矿井,甚至造成人员伤亡,危害十分严重。因此,在巷道掘进之前对掌子面前方进行超前探测,是保证矿井安全生产的必要工作之一。但是,井下巷道工作范围有限、条件复杂,并且存在许多干扰因素,比如巷道内的电性异常体、地层、巷道空间以及旁侧干扰等。这些干扰因素严重影响了超前探测效果,对前方地质异常体的判断出现偏差。本文针对以上超前探测过程中存在的问题,查阅了大量的国内外文献,分析了直流电法超前探测原理,重点研究了聚焦钻孔直流电法超前探测方法,该方法通过在掌子面布置上下两个供电电极,,并在掌子面前方钻孔内布置测量电极来进行超前探测,可有效屏蔽巷道后方以及旁侧不良电性异常体对于超前探测的干扰。首先分析了与直流电法相关的基本原理,研究了全空间条件下存在层状介质及球状介质点电源场的电位分布解析解。建立了巷道前方存在低阻板状异常体时不同布极方式的地电模型,分别研究其布极特点及原理;其次,运用有限差分方法对全空间点电源场电位分布进行数值计算;然后,分别运用不同布极方式的直流电法超前探测对于地电模型进行正演研究,对比分析了不同探测方式下所得出的视电阻率曲线,突出了聚焦钻孔直流电法对于前方异常体更为灵敏;最后,建立巷道旁侧干扰体与前方异常体并存时的地电模型,针对巷道旁侧异干扰体深度、电阻率以及与掌子面间的水平距离三种影响因素进行模拟分析,进一步对比分析常规巷道直流三极法和聚焦钻孔直流电法两种超前探测方式,结果表明在聚焦钻孔直流电法超前探测受巷道旁侧干扰体影响较小,更为灵敏准确。
[Abstract]:In the process of mine construction and production, mine flood is one of the most common disasters in coal mines, and the water inrush problem of roadway excavation surface is even more severe. Once water inrush occurs, it is very likely to flood mining areas and mines, and even cause casualties. The harm is very serious. Therefore, it is one of the necessary work to ensure the safe production of mine before tunneling. However, the working scope of underground roadway is limited, the working conditions are complex, and there are many interference factors. For example, electrical anomalies in the roadway, strata, roadway space and side interference. These interference factors seriously affect the effect of advanced detection. There is a deviation in the judgment of the geological anomaly body in front. In view of the problems existing in the process of advanced detection above, this paper has consulted a large number of domestic and foreign literature and analyzed the principle of advanced detection by direct current method. This paper focuses on the advanced detection method of focusing borehole direct current (DC) method. This method can be used to detect ahead by arranging two power supply electrodes up and down on the palm surface, and arranging the measuring electrodes in the hole in front of the palm surface. It can effectively shield the interference of the abnormal body in the rear and the side of the roadway to the advanced detection. Firstly, the basic principles related to the direct current method are analyzed. In this paper, the analytical solution of the potential distribution of the power source field of layered medium and spherical dielectric point in the whole space is studied, and the geoelectric model of different patterns of electrode placement in front of roadway with low resistance plate shape anomaly is established, and the characteristics and principle of the distribution of the electrode are studied respectively. Secondly, the finite difference method is used to numerically calculate the field potential distribution of the whole space point power supply, and then the forward modeling of the geoelectric model is studied by using different direct current method in advance detection. The apparent resistivity curves obtained under different detection methods are compared and analyzed, which highlights that the focusing borehole direct current method is more sensitive to the outliers in front. Finally, the geoelectric model of the side interference and the anomaly in front of the roadway is established. This paper simulates and analyzes three kinds of influencing factors, such as depth of side side of roadway, resistivity and horizontal distance between side of roadway and palmface, and further compares and analyzes two kinds of advanced detection methods: conventional DC tripole method and focused drilling direct current method. The results show that the advance detection by focusing borehole DC method is less affected by the side interference of roadway and is more sensitive and accurate.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD745.2

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