富水破碎岩体注浆材料研发与注浆加固机理研究及应用

发布时间：2018-04-17 04:08

  本文选题：富水破碎岩体 + CGM注浆材料　； 参考：《山东大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：随着我国地下工程建设深度的增加、设计容量的增大,大批交通隧道、矿山井巷和城市地下空间工程投入建设,面临的水文地质条件日趋复杂,时常遭遇由富水破碎地层引起的突涌水、塌方等地质灾害,对生命财产安全和工程建设造成了极大威胁。因此,富水破碎岩体的注浆治理理论与技术成为地下工程建设中亟需解决的关键科学问题。本文针对富水破碎地层的水文地质特点和注浆治理时材料性能存在的不足,结合工程实践经验,充分利用冶金废弃物钢渣微粉作为主要原材料研发了一种适用富水破碎岩体注浆治理的新型水泥基复合材料(CGM),显著降低了注浆材料制备成本,提高了注浆工程的经济性。通过室内系统的材料性能试验和富水破碎岩体注浆模拟试验,对比分析了CGM注浆材料性能的优越性,结合扫描电镜分析及X射线测试技术,从微观角度分析了水泥基注浆材料结石体岩-浆胶结界面模式及划分依据,揭示了注浆加固作用机理。实现了CGM注浆材料工业化生产,并开展了工程现场应用试验,取得了一系列研究成果。(1)基于水泥基材料复合技术原理,利用正交试验法与析因实验法确定了CGM注浆材料的优选配比组成为：熟料-75.33%,钢渣微粉-5.09%,羟基高聚物-3.67%,羟基氯化物-0.15%,硫酸盐-5.60%,超塑化剂-2.03%,多聚铝酸盐-1.52%,硅化物-7.61%,根据各组分作用机理提出了最佳含量选取原则。(2)根据富水破碎岩体注浆治理材料特点,通过室内系统性能试验确定了CGM浆液凝结时间、力学性能的主要影响因素及其作用规律。CGM注浆材料采用混合粉磨工艺制备时粉磨时间不宜超过45min,在5-40°C温度范围内,能够实现浆液初凝时间在39-85min,终凝时间在69～141min范围的有效调控。钢渣微粉含量可根据工程设计需求进行动态调整,在满足结石体强度要求的同时,可降低材料制备成本和提高工程经济性。(3)采用与传统水泥材料对比试验的方法,分析了CGM注浆材料结石体体积和浆液黏度变化机理,确定了材料组分、水灰比、温度等因素对结石体体积稳定性和浆液黏度的影响规律,并对浆液的稳定性和抗分散性进行了测试,实现了浆液性能的动态调控。CGM材料制备浆液时,优选水灰比为0.8：1-1.2：1,浆液结石体具有微膨胀特性,黏度受温度影响弱,稳定性强,抗渗性好,在水流速为0.5m/s时,水灰比1.2：1时,结石体留存率为72%,显著高于传统水泥材料。(4)开展了CGM注浆材料结石体耐久性评价。通过深入分析氯离子和硫酸根离子对材料结石体的作用机理,将侵蚀类型进行了划分,确定了CGM注浆材料组分与浆液制备条件对结石体抗侵蚀性能的影响。与传统水泥材料相比,CGM注浆材料中氯离子主要以化合态存在,游离态含量低,发生氯离子侵蚀破坏概率小；在硫酸盐环境中,早期CGM注浆材料结石体表面可以形成保护层,抵抗硫酸根离子进入,后期钢渣微粉和硅化物水化吸收活性钙离子,防止结石体内部生产石膏或钙矾石等矿物引起结石体开裂,提高材料耐久性。(5)采用自主设计的室内注浆模拟试验平台,开展了富水破碎岩体注浆加固模拟试验,从微观角度揭示了注浆加固作用机理。确定影响注浆治理效果的主控因素为注浆材料,其次为注浆压力和充填介质。对于水泥类材料,岩-浆界面水化矿物越多,晶体取向性越强,胶结强度越高。岩-浆界面胶结模由岩石岩性决定,致密度高的灰岩类岩石近似为Ollivier-Grandet模型,类似于砂岩的多孔隙岩石则符合Zimbelinan模型。注浆过程中岩石表面会发生物理化学变化,在界面区域产生类岩石矿物,提高胶结强度,改善注浆加固效果。(6)实现了CGM注浆材料的工业化试验生产,开展了CGM注浆材料现场应用试验,验证了新材料具有显著的性能优越性。研究成果在新阳能源有限公司西翼运输巷道围岩破碎区域涌水治理工程中进行应用,取得了良好的效果,产生了显著的经济和社会效益,具有广阔的工程应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the increasing depth of underground engineering construction in our country, increasing the design capacity, a large number of traffic tunnel, mine roadway and city underground engineering construction investment, hydrogeological conditions are becoming more and more complex, often encounter water inrush caused by broken water rich strata, landslides and other geological disasters, which caused a great threat to the safety of life and property and the construction of the project. Therefore, the water rich broken rock grouting theory and technology has become a key scientific problem in urgent need of construction of underground engineering solution. Aiming at shortcomings of the broken water rich strata hydrogeological characteristics and grouting material performance, combined with the practical engineering experience, the new cement based composite materials to make full use of metallurgical waste slag powder as the main raw materials research and development of a suitable water rich broken rock grouting (CGM), significantly reduced the grouting material preparation cost, improve the injection The economy of slurry engineering. Through indoor system material performance test and water rich rock mass grouting simulation test, comparative analysis of the superiority of the performance of CGM grouting material, using scanning electron microscopy and X ray testing technology, from the microscopic point of view of the stone cement based grouting material - rock slurry cementing interface model and the basis of classification. The mechanism of grouting reinforcement was revealed. To achieve the CGM grouting materials for industrial production, and the application of the project site to carry out the test, made a series of research results. (1) the principle of cement-based composite materials based on the technique of using the method of orthogonal experiment with factorial experiment method to determine the optimal ratio of CGM grouting material is composed of -75.33% clinker. Steel slag powder -5.09%, hydroxyl polymer -3.67%, hydroxy chloride -0.15%, -5.60% sulfate, -2.03% super plasticizer, poly aluminate -1.52%, -7.61% silicide, according to each component mechanism provided The principle of choosing the best content. (2) according to the water rich broken rock grouting material characteristics, CGM slurry setting time was determined by the indoor system performance test, the mechanical properties of the main influence factors and their effects of.CGM grouting material mixed by grinding process during the preparation of powder grinding time should not exceed 45min at 5-40 DEG C temperature range inside, can realize the grout initial setting time in 39-85min, the final setting time in 69 ~ 141min range. The effective control of steel slag powder content can be dynamically adjusted according to the needs of engineering design, to meet the requirements of the concretion strength at the same time, can reduce the preparation cost of the material and improve the economy of project. (3) using the method with the traditional cement material contrast test, analysis of the CGM grouting material stone volume and slurry viscosity variation mechanism, material composition was determined, water cement ratio, temperature and other factors on the volume stability of slurry and stones Influence of viscosity, and stability of slurry and dispersion resistance were tested, realizing the sizing performance and dynamic regulation of.CGM prepared slurry, preferably water cement ratio of 0.8:1-1.2:1 grout with micro expansion properties, viscosity temperature influence is weak, strong stability, good anti permeability, the water flow rate 0.5m/s, water cement ratio 1.2:1, stone retention rate was 72%, significantly higher than that of traditional cement materials. (4) the CGM grouting material concretion durability evaluation. Through in-depth analysis of chloride and sulfate ions on material stone body mechanism, the erosion types were classified and identified effect of CGM grouting material components and slurry preparation conditions on properties of anti erosion stone body. Compared with the traditional cement materials, CGM grouting material in chloride mainly in the combined state of existence, the free state content is low, occurrence of chloride ion erosion damage probability is small ; in sulfate environment, can form a protective layer of CGM grouting material stone surface resistance of sulfate ions into the early, late, slag powder and silicide hydration activity of calcium absorption, prevent stone body or gypsum minerals such as ettringite cracking stone body, improve the durability of material. (5) by indoor grouting independent design of the simulation platform, the simulation test of grouting reinforcement of water breaking mechanism of grouting reinforcement was revealed from the micro perspective. To determine the main effect of controlled grouting effect factors of grouting materials, grouting pressure and the filling medium for cement materials, rock mineral water slurry - interface more crystal the orientation of the stronger, higher bonding strength. Rock slurry interface cementation die determined by rock lithology, caused by limestone high density approximation for the Ollivier-Grandet model, similar to the porous sandstone Rock is in accordance with the Zimbelinan model. In the process of grouting rock occurs on the surface of physical and chemical changes, like rocks and minerals in the interface region, improve bonding strength, improve the grouting reinforcement effect. (6) the industrial test production of CGM grouting material, carried out the test application of CGM grouting material, verify that the new material has superior performance significant. Application of research results in the new energy Co. Ltd. broken Yang West Wing transport roadway area water gushing treatment project, and achieved good results, resulting in significant economic and social benefits, have a wide application prospect.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD745.2
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本文编号：1761985