硬岩顶板深孔爆破增透技术抽排瓦斯的方案设计与应用

发布时间：2018-04-29 12:24

本文选题：瓦斯抽采 + 瓦斯治理　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是能源消耗大国,在我国能源结构中,煤炭的需求量约占能源结构总量的65%。由于对煤炭的大规模开采,伴随而来的瓦斯抽放问题一直困扰着国内大多数煤矿。随着煤矿开采深度逐渐增加,受高地应力影响的深部煤层透气性差,煤层赋存瓦斯量大,传统的抽采工艺瓦斯抽采效果不佳,瓦斯在综采面聚集,给煤矿生产带来了极大的安全隐患。对于解决深部煤赋瓦斯易聚集而又难排出的难题,采用了风排、老塘埋管和高抽巷的综合治理瓦斯工艺。增透煤层抽采瓦斯技术对于松软煤层效果不明显,运用顶板致裂后高层位抽采瓦斯技术,并优化深孔预裂爆破爆破方案,结果增透后的瓦斯抽采效率大大提高,抽采效果得到明显变化。爆破致裂顶板改善煤层透气性的同时弱化了顶板,释放顶板内部的能量,改善了顶板的冒落性,使坚硬难以垮落顶板转变为可垮落顶板。本文研究以丁集矿1321(1)工作面为背景,通过三种方式结合抽排瓦斯发现,工作面瓦斯浓度一直保持稳定,没有出现瓦斯超限现象。本次方案设计了三次爆破,每组爆破间距25m,爆破后对比了风排瓦斯、老塘埋管抽采瓦斯、高抽巷抽采瓦斯的效果,发现高抽巷抽采瓦斯的效果最为明显,第48个工作日至第78个工作日期间,高抽巷抽采浓度急剧增加,最后保持稳定,平均浓度约为37.6%,爆破后比爆破前增加了将近40%,爆破后的平均抽采纯量为35.6m3/min,抽采纯量爆破后比爆破前增加了约20%;而老塘埋管的抽采瓦斯在爆破前后变化不明显,仅在三个工作日抽采浓度有较大提高,风排瓦斯在爆破过后回风巷中的瓦斯浓度也有所降低,爆破致裂后的透气性大大改善。
[Abstract]:China is a big energy consuming country. In the energy structure of our country, the demand for coal accounts for about 65% of the total energy structure. Because of the large-scale coal mining, the gas drainage problem has been puzzling most coal mines in China. With the increase of coal mining depth, the permeability of deep coal seam affected by high ground stress is poor, the amount of gas stored in coal seam is large, the gas extraction effect of traditional extraction technology is not good, and the gas accumulates in fully mechanized coal face. To the coal mine production has brought the huge safety hidden danger. In order to solve the problem of gas accumulation in deep coal which is easy to gather and difficult to discharge, the comprehensive gas control technology of air drainage, buried pipe in Laotang and high drainage roadway is adopted. The effect of gas drainage in antipenetrating coal seam is not obvious for soft coal seam. The gas extraction technology of high level after roof cracking is used and the deep hole pre-splitting blasting scheme is optimized. The result shows that the efficiency of gas extraction after antipenetration is greatly improved. The extraction effect is obviously changed. The blasting crack roof can improve the permeability of coal seam and weaken the roof, release the energy inside the roof, improve the caving property of the roof, and make the hard roof difficult to collapse into the collapsible roof. In this paper, based on the background of 1321Dingji Coal Mine, it is found that the gas concentration in the working face remains stable and there is no gas over-limit phenomenon through three ways combined with gas drainage. This project has designed three times blasting, each group blasting interval 25m, after the blasting has compared the air gas drainage, the old pond buried pipe drainage gas, the high drainage roadway gas drainage effect, found that the high drainage roadway drainage gas extraction effect is the most obvious, Between the 48th and the 78th working days, the extraction concentration of high extraction roadway increased sharply, and finally remained stable. The average concentration is about 37.6, and after blasting there is an increase of nearly 40 percent than that before blasting, the average extraction scalar after blasting is 35.6m3 / min, and the scalar quantity after blasting is about 20 percent higher than that before blasting, while the gas extraction of buried pipes in Laotang has no obvious change before and after blasting. Only in three working days the concentration of gas is greatly increased, the concentration of gas in the return air roadway after blasting is also reduced, and the permeability of gas after blasting is greatly improved.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD712.6

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