双鸭山矿区综采工作面粉尘综合防治技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 20:21

本文选题：综采工作面 + 粉尘运移规律　；参考：《辽宁工程技术大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：双鸭山矿区是我国特大煤炭矿区之一,年产煤炭1360万吨。随着矿井高产高效建设和综采配套设备的工艺创新,工作面单产大幅度提高。综采工作面是煤矿产尘量最大的作业场所,粉尘浓度超过国家卫生标准数十倍甚至上百倍,严重的威胁井下职工的身体健康和生命安全。因此,综采工作面的粉尘防治已成为当前煤矿安全工作的重点和难题之一。本文根据相关标准和要求,对双鸭山矿区东荣二矿南二下延十八层七面综采工作面的粉尘特性、浓度和分散度进行了现场测试和实验室分析,得到了综采工作面粉尘浓度和分散度沿程分布规律和特征。建立了综采工作面粉尘分布与运移的气固两相流数学模型,给出了数学模型的边界条件和解法,采用FLUENT6.3模拟分析了割煤时粉尘运动和粉尘浓度分布规律,同时分析了工作面风速和煤尘湿润性对粉尘浓度分布的影响。根据东荣二矿南二下延十八层七面综采工作面尘源特点,提出煤层高压注水减尘联合工作面高压自动喷雾降尘的二级综合降尘技术思路。在煤层高压注水防尘机理分析和东荣二矿南二下延十八层七面综采工作面煤层注水试验的基础上,建立了高压水在煤体中渗流的数学模型,数值模拟分析了高压水在煤体中的流动规律及其对煤体的湿润效果,确定了合理的煤层高压注水压力、注水钻孔间距等工艺参数,提出并实施了煤层高压注水方案,工作面减尘率达到72.1%。分析了高压喷雾降尘的影响因素,阐述了高压喷雾降尘机理；基于单个液滴碰撞截留效率理论,建立了喷雾液滴群总捕尘效率模型；通过模型计算,系统研究了高压喷嘴直径、喷雾压力与降尘效率之间的关系,给出了东荣二矿南二下延十八层七面工作面高压喷雾降尘系统的合理压力和喷嘴直径；针对工作面尘源分布特点,设计并研发了综采工作面高压自动喷雾降尘系统和设备,并应用于现场实际,取得了81.3%的降尘效率。在双鸭山矿区三个综采工作面实施应用了煤层高压注水减尘联合工作面高压自动喷雾降尘的二级综合降尘技术,总降尘率达到了93.3%-94.8%,实现了综采工作面粉尘的有效防治。
[Abstract]:Shuangyashan mining area is one of the largest coal mining areas in China, with an annual coal output of 13.6 million tons. With the construction of high production and high efficiency in mine and the technological innovation of supporting equipment for fully mechanized coal mining, the unit yield of working face is greatly improved. Fully-mechanized mining face is the largest coal mine dust production site, dust concentration over the national health standards tens of times or even hundreds times, a serious threat to the health and safety of underground workers. Therefore, dust prevention and control in fully mechanized coal face has become one of the key and difficult problems in coal mine safety work. According to the relevant standards and requirements, the dust characteristics, concentration and dispersion of the 18 floor fully mechanized coal face in the south second extension of Dongrong No.2 Coal Mine in Shuangyashan Mining area were tested and analyzed in laboratory. The distribution law and characteristics of dust concentration and dispersity along the face of fully mechanized coal mining face are obtained. The mathematical model of gas-solid two-phase flow in fully mechanized coal mining face is established. The boundary conditions and solution of the mathematical model are given. The dust movement and dust concentration distribution during coal cutting are simulated and analyzed by FLUENT6.3. At the same time, the influence of wind speed and coal dust wettability on dust concentration distribution is analyzed. According to the dust source characteristics of 18 floors and seven face fully mechanized mining face in Nanerxiayian of Dongrong No.2 Coal Mine, a two-stage comprehensive dust control technology of high pressure water injection and dust reduction combined working face with high pressure automatic spray dust control is put forward. Based on the analysis of dust prevention mechanism of high pressure water injection in coal seam and the test of coal seam water injection in 18 layers and 7 faces fully mechanized mining face of south second extension of Dongrong No.2 Coal Mine, a mathematical model of seepage of high pressure water in coal body is established. The flow law of high pressure water in coal body and its wetting effect on coal body are analyzed by numerical simulation. The reasonable process parameters such as high pressure injection pressure of coal seam and spacing of water injection borehole are determined, and the scheme of high pressure water injection in coal seam is put forward and implemented. The dust abatement rate of working face is 72.1. The influencing factors of high pressure spray dust control are analyzed, and the mechanism of high pressure spray dust control is expounded. Based on the theory of single droplet collision retention efficiency, the total dust capture efficiency model of spray droplet group is established, and the diameter of high pressure nozzle is systematically studied through model calculation. Based on the relationship between spray pressure and dust control efficiency, the reasonable pressure and nozzle diameter of the high pressure spray dust control system in the 18-story working face of South No. 2 No. 2 Coal Mine in Dongrong No.2 Coal Mine are given, and the distribution characteristics of dust source in the working face are also discussed. The dust control system and equipment of high pressure automatic spray in fully mechanized coal mining face are designed and developed, and the dust control efficiency of 81.3% is obtained. In three fully mechanized mining faces of Shuangyashan mining area, the two-stage comprehensive dust control technology of high pressure water injection and dust reduction combined face with high pressure automatic spray dust control is applied. The total dust fall rate has reached 93.3- 94.8, and the effective prevention and treatment of dust in fully mechanized mining face has been realized.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD714.4

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