低空风切变下飞机自动着陆安全控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 04:12

本文选题：飞行动力学 + 风切变　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：低空风切变对飞机起飞着陆构成严重威胁。随着飞机自身系统可靠性的提高，由于低空风切变等大气扰动现象直接导致或间接诱发飞行员操纵失误，从而造成飞行事故或不安全事件的比例正不断上升。论文采用动力学建模和仿真的手段，以提高低空风切变下飞机进场着陆的安全性为目标，设计飞机进近下滑道跟踪、自动着陆等控制律，并进一步研究改出风切变的若干安全控制策略问题。论文主要研究内容有： (1)研究建立了典型风切变模型和飞行动力学模型。建立反映风场本质特性的微下击暴流风切变模型。参考B747飞机建模数据，建立了该机动力学模型并进行了配平和模型验证。 (2)设计实现若干基本飞行控制律。先后设计了飞机俯仰控制律、自动着陆控制律以及协调转弯控制律。将控制律代入动力学模型中，对其进行反复设计-验证研究。 (3)考查若干风切变改出策略的安全性。引入能量高度、F因子、飞行安全包线等安全性指标，在基本飞行控制律基础上，运用动力学仿真实现风切变改出控制。先后对3种纵向改出策略、从弱风一侧实施的横侧改出策略进行了安全性分析。 (4)以提高飞机进近下滑道跟踪的抗风切变干扰能力为目标，研究实现了最优控制下滑道跟踪。仿真结果表明，，最优控制律可有效提高飞机在风切变干扰下的下滑道跟踪和飞行状态保持能力。
[Abstract]:Low-altitude wind shear poses a serious threat to the take-off and landing of aircraft. With the improvement of the reliability of the aircraft system the proportion of flight accidents or unsafe events is increasing because of the low altitude wind shear and other atmospheric disturbances which directly or indirectly induce pilots to control errors. By means of dynamic modeling and simulation, aiming at improving the safety of aircraft approach landing under low altitude wind shear, the control law of aircraft approach and glide path tracking and automatic landing is designed in this paper. Furthermore, some security control strategies for windshear are studied. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: The typical wind shear model and flight dynamics model are established. A wind shear model reflecting the essential characteristics of wind field is established. With reference to the modeling data of B747 aircraft, the dynamic model of the aircraft is established, and the balancing and model verification are carried out. Design and implement some basic flight control laws. The pitch control law, automatic landing control law and coordinated turning control law are designed successively. The control law is added to the dynamic model, and the design and verification of the control law are carried out repeatedly. To examine the safety of some windshear change-out policies. Based on the basic flight control law and the introduction of energy height factor F factor and flight safety envelope, wind shear control is realized by dynamic simulation. This paper analyzes the safety of three vertical strategies, which are implemented from the weak wind side to the horizontal side. 4) aiming at improving the ability of aircraft approach glide track to resist wind shear interference, the tracking of sliding track under optimal control is studied and realized. The simulation results show that the optimal control law can effectively improve the glide track tracking and flight state retention of aircraft under wind shear interference.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：V328

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