深矿井热环境下人体降温机理及空调方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 04:16

  本文选题：矿井热害 + 降温服　； 参考：《河南理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着矿产资源的不断开发,矿井的深度开采成为必然趋势。热害已经成为危害矿井安全生产的重大灾害之一。传统的矿井热害治理方法存在初投资大、运行费用高、在运行过程中有噪声污染和制冷效果不良,且随着工作面的改变,制冷设备移动、安装非常困难及安全隐患等问题。同时,作为高温下个体防护设备的降温服正逐渐兴起。在开阔空间、大环境及一些特殊场合,降温服具有不可比拟的优势。基于以上分析,本课题对降温服在矿井热环境下应用性进行了相关探索,希望能对矿井热害的治理提供有益参考。本文主要研究内容和结论有以下四点:1.针对当前矿井热害治理存在问题,提出应用于矿井热害治理的气冷服个体防护方法。本文在总结当前降温服的应用现状的基础上,对其在矿井热环境中的应用可行性进行分析。2.基于生物热力学、生物传热学原理,分析热环境下人体微气候降温机理。结合微气候人体降温机理分析,进行针对高温热环境下的气冷服结构设计,确定气冷服的使用形式。并研究了气冷服在矿井热环境下的应用方案,对该方案进行了分析。3.对所设计的气冷服进行传热分析。结合人体降温机理,建立了气冷服传热数学模型。分析了影响气冷服降温性能的影响因素,并进行了数值模拟分析,分析结果表明:(1)制冷量随着进气流量的增大而增大,但气流不宜过大。在保证散热量满足需求同时,须保证防护服的正压力控制在一定范围之内。(2)进气温度、湿度越低,冷却服的制冷量越大,但不宜过低;通风气流的湿度对降温服降温效果影响比温度影响更显著。(3)外层衣服热阻越小,人体散热速率越快。(4)环境温度越高,衣服的内外层温度越大,且内层温度增长速率要高于外层服装温度的增长速率。4.搭建了气冷降温的性能测试实验台,实验研究了所设计的气冷降温服的制冷性能,分析了进气压力、冷阀开度、进气温度等对降温性能的影响。实验结果表明:(1)涡流管的冷端出口温度随着压力的增大越来越低,其制冷效应越来越好;而气冷服的降温性能随着进气压力的增大,人体微气候区的温度也越来越低,但进气压力不宜过大,必须控制在一定范围之内。(2)涡流管的旋钮开度在所有涡流管气冷服的降温性能影响因素中起着关键作用,其开度大小直接影响着其降温性能。旋钮开度存在着最佳位置,开度过小或过大都会损坏其降温性能,因此在使用时应注意必须使旋钮开度在最佳位置附近。(3)温度对气冷服的降温性能有一定的影响。但由于在实际工况下气源来自周围环境空气,特别是在矿井热环境下气体温度较高,本实验主要是为了验证降温服在高温环境下的适应性。实验结果表明在35℃的高温空气下,气冷服仍能维持微气候区温度在舒适的范围之内。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of mineral resources, deep mining of mines has become an inevitable trend. Thermal hazard has become one of the major disasters endangering mine safety production. There are many problems in the traditional mine heat damage control methods, such as large initial investment, high operating cost, noise pollution and poor refrigeration effect during operation. With the change of working face, the refrigeration equipment moves, the installation is very difficult and the hidden trouble of safety and so on. At the same time, as a personal protective equipment at high temperature, cooling clothing is gradually rising. In open space, large environment and some special occasions, cooling clothes have incomparable advantages. Based on the above analysis, this paper explores the application of cooling clothing in mine thermal environment, hoping to provide a useful reference for mine thermal damage control. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. In view of the existing problems in mine thermal hazard control, the personal protection method of air-cooled suit applied to mine thermal hazard control is put forward. On the basis of summing up the current application status of cooling clothing, this paper analyzes the feasibility of its application in mine thermal environment. Based on the principles of biological thermodynamics and biological heat transfer, the mechanism of microclimate cooling in thermal environment is analyzed. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of microclimate human body cooling, the structure design of air-cooled suit under high temperature and heat environment is carried out, and the application form of air-cooled suit is determined. The application scheme of air-cooled suit in mine thermal environment is studied, and the scheme is analyzed. The heat transfer analysis of the designed air-cooled suit is carried out. A mathematical model of heat transfer in air-cooled clothing was established based on the mechanism of body cooling. The influence factors on cooling performance of air-cooled suit are analyzed and numerical simulation is carried out. The results show that the refrigerating capacity increases with the increase of inlet air flow rate, but the air flow is not too large. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the positive pressure of protective clothing is controlled within a certain range of inlet air temperature. The lower the humidity, the greater the cooling capacity of the cooling suit, but not too low. The lower the thermal resistance of the outer clothing, the faster the heat dissipation rate of the body is, and the higher the ambient temperature, the greater the temperature of the inside and outside layer of the clothes, the more the effect of the humidity of the ventilated airflow on the cooling effect of the clothing is more than that of the temperature. The growth rate of inner layer temperature is higher than that of outer garment temperature. The performance test bench of air-cooled cooling was set up, the refrigeration performance of the air-cooled cooling suit was studied, and the effects of inlet pressure, cold valve opening and inlet air temperature on the cooling performance were analyzed. The experimental results show that the cold outlet temperature of the vortex tube decreases with the increase of pressure, and the cooling performance of the air-cooled clothing increases with the increase of the inlet pressure, and the temperature in the microclimate region of the human body becomes lower and lower with the increase of the inlet air pressure. However, the inlet pressure should not be too large, and the knob opening of the vortex tube must be controlled within a certain range. The knob opening of the vortex tube plays a key role in influencing the cooling performance of all the swirl tube air-cooled clothing, and its opening degree directly affects its cooling performance. The knob opening degree has the best position, it will damage the cooling performance when opening small or too much, so we should pay attention to make the knob opening degree near the best position.) the temperature has certain influence on the cooling performance of the air-cooled suit. However, because the gas source comes from the ambient air in the actual working conditions, especially in the hot mine environment, the main purpose of this experiment is to verify the adaptability of the cooling clothing under the high temperature environment. The experimental results show that the temperature of the air-cooled suit can still be kept in the comfortable range in the microclimate zone under the high temperature air temperature of 35 鈩，

本文编号：1881618