兰炭生产工艺的HAZOP分析

发布时间：2018-05-16 18:58

本文选题：兰炭 + 热解工艺　；参考：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：陕北地区因其得天独厚的煤炭资源,在国家级能源领域中享有举足轻重的地位。兰炭生产是我省陕北主导产业之一。本文通过分析Toscoal工艺、鲁奇鲁尔工艺、大连理工大学DG低温热解工艺、气体热载体直立炉(鲁奇炉)热解工艺、多段回转炉热解工艺(MRF工艺)及陕北三江SJ低温干馏炉工艺的优缺点,指出正在广泛使用的陕北三江SJ低温干馏炉既是对国内热解炉型进行总结改良,又吸收了国外相关炉型的优点并结合当地煤质特点开发的一种新炉型。相比于之前的土法炼焦,现在的兰炭产业无论是规模上,还是装置更新程度上都有了非常大的改进。但是,由于兰炭生产企业技术人才短缺,从业技术人员专业素质较低,生产管理人员的频繁失误,产品焦油、煤气又为易燃易爆易中毒的危险化学品,因此,在生产过程中存在着巨大的风险,可能造成爆炸、火灾、人员伤亡及环境危害等危险。所以选择一个合适的风险研究分析方法对过程风险进行分析,增强对存在风险的可控性就显得尤为重要。通过比对6种化工安全系统分析方法,HAZOP(危险与可操作性分析)分析作为查找生产工艺隐患的有效方法,对于危险分析有良好的效果,结合我省煤化工企业特点,加大对该分析方法的推广应用,既符合我省实际情况,又能与国际的工艺安全管理模式接轨。本文采用HAZOP分析方法对兰炭工艺进行安全分析,查找工艺缺陷和安全隐患。根据工艺的设计意图,将工艺划分为6个节点,通过节点对其安全性进行全面系统的分析。分析结果表明,干馏炉的空气流量、炉顶压力、煤气中氧气含量、煤气管道泄漏、气柜水槽液位高低及温度、焦油储罐泄漏都会对工艺安全产生影响,针对上述高风险后果,在现有安全措施基础上,提出措施进行整改,增强生产过程的安全性,旨在对相关从事该工艺的人员提出一些技术指导。
[Abstract]:Because of its unique coal resources, Northern Shaanxi enjoys an important position in the national energy field. Carbon production is one of the leading industries in Northern Shaanxi Province. This paper analyzes the Toscoal process, rulchruhr process, the DG pyrolysis process of Dalian University of Technology, the pyrolysis process of the gas heat carrier erect furnace (Lu Qilu), and the multi segment rotation. The advantages and disadvantages of the furnace pyrolysis process (MRF process) and the Sanjiang SJ low temperature dry distillation furnace in Northern Shaanxi are pointed out. It is pointed out that the widely used Sanjiang SJ low temperature dry distillation furnace is both a summary improvement of the domestic pyrolysis furnace type and a new furnace type developed by combining the advantages of the related furnace type abroad and combined with the local coal quality. However, because of the shortage of technical personnel, the low professional quality of the employees, the frequent mistakes of the production managers, the product tar and gas are dangerous chemicals which are inflammable, explosive and easy to be poisoned. There are huge risks in the process of production, which may lead to explosions, fires, casualties and environmental hazards. So it is particularly important to choose a suitable risk analysis method to analyze the process risk and enhance the controllability of the existence of the risk. By comparing 6 chemical safety system analysis methods, HAZOP (danger and possible) As an effective method to find out the hidden trouble in the production process, the analysis has good effect on the risk analysis, and combined with the characteristics of the coal chemical enterprise in our province, the application of the analysis method is increased, which is in line with the actual situation in our province, and can be connected with the international process safety management model. This paper adopts the HAZOP analysis method to Lan Tangong According to the design intention of the process, the process is divided into 6 nodes, and the safety of the furnace is analyzed comprehensively and systematically. The results show that the air flow, the pressure of the furnace top, the oxygen content in the gas, the leakage of the gas pipeline, the level and temperature of the tank tank level. The leakage of the tar tank will affect the safety of the process. On the basis of the existing safety measures, measures are put forward on the basis of the existing safety measures to improve the safety of the production process. Some technical guidance for the personnel involved in the process is put forward.

【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ520.6;TQ086

【参考文献】