列车防撞雷达信号源开发设计

发布时间：2018-05-19 11:51

本文选题：FPGA + 防撞雷达　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：防撞雷达一直是人们的热门研究领域，目前的防撞雷达大部分是针对汽车而研发的，可以防止车辆间的碰撞，从而减少交通事故。但是对于高速行驶的火车来说，发生相互碰撞的事件同样不少，而且一旦事发生碰撞，产生的伤亡往往比较大。因此，列车也需要一个有效、可靠的防撞雷达系统来预警各种潜在的、危险的目标。本文就是要研制出适于高速列车使用的雷达系统的信号源。线性调频连续波（LFMCW）雷达拥有良好的距离分辨能力和速度分辨能力，因此被广泛地应用在雷达测距、测速系统中，本课题设计内容包括用XC4VSX25来产生两路基带信号的样值数据，而后数字上变频芯片AD9957对基带采样数据进行数字上变频并输出模拟的中频频带的线性调频信号（75MHz~125MHz），两路信号经过滤波器、放大器后分别作为接收机的中频输入和发射机的中频输入。另外，还产生了同步AD采样板的同步脉冲和接收开关以及发射开关。外部主机还可以通过与单片机（STC12C5410AD）的RS422总线接口来控制FPGA和AD9957，从而改变的信号的参数。论文主要阐述了雷达信号产生板的设计原理及过程，，这包括FPGA、单片机的开发设计、AD9957的数字上变频电路设计、AD9957的同步电路设计以及电源系统和中频信号放大电路设计等。并且记录了将雷达信号产生电路板与发射机、接收机联调测试后的试验结果及数据，分析说明了该防撞雷达系统的目标测量能力。
[Abstract]:Anti-collision radar has always been a hot research field. At present, most of the anti-collision radar is aimed at cars, which can prevent the collision between vehicles and reduce traffic accidents. But for high-speed trains, there are many collision events, and once they collide, the casualties are often large. Therefore, trains also need an effective, reliable anti-collision radar system to warn of potential and dangerous targets. The purpose of this paper is to develop the signal source of radar system suitable for high-speed train. Linear Frequency modulated continuous Wave (LFMCW) radar has good range resolution and velocity resolution, so it is widely used in radar ranging and velocimetry systems. The design content of this project includes the use of XC4VSX25 to generate sample data of two baseband signals. Then the digital up-conversion chip AD9957 performs the digital up-conversion of baseband sampling data and outputs the medium frequency band LFM signal of 75 MHz / 125MHz. The two signals pass through the filter. The amplifier is used as the if input of the receiver and the if input of the transmitter respectively. In addition, synchronous pulse and receive switch and transmitter switch of synchronous AD sampling board are also generated. The external host can also control the FPGA and AD9957 by the RS422 bus interface of STC12C5410AD, so as to change the parameters of the signal. This paper mainly describes the design principle and process of radar signal generation board, which includes the development of FPGA, the design of AD9957 digital up-conversion circuit, the synchronous circuit design of AD9957, and the design of power supply system and if signal amplification circuit. The test results and data of radar signal generation circuit board combined with transmitter and receiver are recorded, and the target measurement ability of the anti-collision radar system is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U298.1;TN959

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