校车安全性评价体系研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 12:35

本文选题：校车安全性 + 评价指标体系　；参考：《长安大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，儿童入学率逐年提高，从而带动了儿童上下学的运输市场逐渐兴起和扩大。然而，不断发生的各种校车行驶安全事故，反复刺痛着人们敏感的神经，引发了全社会对校车安全的关注和讨论。因此，开展校车的安全性评价系统研究，，对提高校车的综合安全性能，减少校车安全行车事故的发生具有重要意义。同时，也为学校或校车运营企业选择校车车型提供一定参考依据。目前国内外常用的汽车安全性评价方法主要是碰撞试验和碰撞仿真试验。尽管试验可以给出汽车被动安全性较为准确地评价结果，但由于未考虑影响车辆安全性能的主动安全性因素，其评价结果缺乏全面性。现有的汽车安全性仿真评价模型是以轿车为基础建立的，由于轿车和校车在结构上存在明显差异，因此并不适用于校车安全性评价。本文在研究分析校车安全性影响因素基础上，以校车安全性评价试验规范要求和仿真试验方法为参考，使用目标分解法对评价指标进行初选、筛选和优化，建立了校车安全性评价指标体系。校车安全性评价指标包括定量指标和定性指标两类。根据评价指标不同的数据分布特征，选择合适的标准化方式对其进行标准化处理。然后运用相对比较法计算出校车安全性评价体系指标权重，确定各评价指标对校车安全性影响的不同程度。进而建立基于模糊综合评价的校车安全性评价模型。论文最后以两款已投放使用的校车安全性对比为工程实例，验证了校车安全性评价模型的科学性、准确性、可行性和实用性。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the school enrolment rate of children is increasing year by year, which leads to the rising and expanding of the transportation market of children to and from school. However, various kinds of school bus safety accidents repeatedly prick people's sensitive nerves and cause the whole society to pay attention and discuss the school bus safety. Therefore, the research of school bus safety evaluation system is of great significance to improve the comprehensive safety performance of school bus and reduce the occurrence of school bus safety accidents. At the same time, it also provides some reference for school or school bus operation enterprises to choose school bus models. At present, the commonly used vehicle safety evaluation methods are collision test and collision simulation test. Although the test results can give a more accurate evaluation of the passive safety of the vehicle, the evaluation results are not comprehensive because the active safety factors affecting the safety performance of the vehicle are not taken into account. The existing vehicle safety simulation evaluation model is based on the car, because there are obvious differences in the structure between the car and the school bus, so it is not suitable for the school bus safety evaluation. Based on the research and analysis of the influencing factors of school bus safety, this paper uses the goal decomposition method to select, select and optimize the evaluation index, taking the requirements of school bus safety evaluation test standard and simulation test method as the reference. The evaluation index system of school bus safety is established. School bus safety evaluation index includes quantitative index and qualitative index. According to the different data distribution characteristics of the evaluation index, the appropriate standardization method is selected to standardize it. Then the relative comparison method is used to calculate the index weight of school bus safety evaluation system and determine the different degree of influence of each evaluation index on school bus safety. Then the safety evaluation model of school bus based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is established. At the end of this paper, the safety comparison of two school buses has been taken as an engineering example to verify the scientific, accurate, feasibility and practicability of the safety evaluation model of the school bus.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8

【引证文献】