金属矿床矿坑涌水量动态变化规律研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 13:20

本文选题：矿坑涌水量 + 临界水力梯度　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿坑涌水量的大小是确定矿床水文地质复杂程度的重要指标,同时也是设计部门确定排水设备和防治水措施的主要依据,更是影响矿床经济技术评价的关键因素,然而,受勘探程度、水文地质概念模型概化及认知水平等因素的影响,现阶段其预测结果仍处于近似水平,部分矿区预测值误差较大。为此,迫切需要围绕矿坑涌水量预测过程,剖析开采条件下矿坑涌水量动态变化特征,以进一步提高预测结果的可靠度。本文通过构建不同渗透率比值的室内物理模型,揭示了连续介质中发生非连续流的基本条件;建立了临界水力梯度与上下介质渗透率比值的关系。以安徽省某一典型金属矿床为例,在详细分析矿区地质及水文地质条件的基础上,概化了研究区水文地质概念模型,建立了数值模型;结合矿床开发利用方案,考虑矿坑排水过程中水流变化特征,预测了矿坑涌水量,探讨了矿坑涌水量随开采时间、开采水平的变化规律与特征,并与解析法结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:(1)渗透率比值的大小是连续介质中发生非连续流的基本条件,而初始水头、上层介质厚度对双层水位现象的发生影响较小;(2)依据介质渗透率变化实验及理论推导,明确了发生“双层水位”现象时的临界水力梯度与介质渗透率比值呈指数关系;(3)矿床开采后,随着开采活动的进行,矿坑涌水量不是一固定不变的值,而是随开采时间和开采水平发生变化;同一开采水平,在矿床顶底板不发生冒顶等事故条件下,其大小随开采时间逐渐衰减,并逐渐趋于稳定,不同开采水平下,受充水条件及承压水头等的影响,矿坑涌水量也将发生变化。研究实例中,-400m、-450m、-500m三个开采水平的矿坑涌水量最后分别稳定于3992 m~3/d、4545 m~3/d、5140m~3/d。上述研究结果,可望为更好的分析矿排水对周边水环境的影响、合理设计矿区排水能力与防治水方案提供科学依据,以期为其它类似矿区矿坑涌水量的预测提供参考与借鉴。
[Abstract]:The size of mine water discharge is an important index to determine the hydrogeological complexity of the deposit, and is also the main basis for the design department to determine the drainage equipment and water control measures, and it is also a key factor affecting the economic and technical evaluation of the deposit. Under the influence of exploration degree, hydrogeological conceptual model generalizability and cognitive level, the prediction results are still at the approximate level at present, and the error of prediction values in some mining areas is large. Therefore, it is urgent to analyze the characteristics of dynamic variation of water inflow under mining conditions in order to improve the reliability of the prediction results. By constructing indoor physical models of different permeability ratios, this paper reveals the basic conditions for the occurrence of non-continuous flow in continuous media, and establishes the relationship between critical hydraulic gradient and the ratio of permeability of upper and lower media. Taking a typical metal deposit in Anhui Province as an example, on the basis of detailed analysis of geological and hydrogeological conditions of the ore area, the conceptual model of hydrogeology in the study area is generalized, and a numerical model is established, which is combined with the scheme of exploitation and utilization of the deposit. Considering the characteristics of water flow in the process of mine drainage, this paper predicts the water inflow of mine pit, discusses the variation law and characteristics of water discharge with mining time and mining level, and makes a comparative analysis with the results of analytical method. The results show that the ratio of permeability to permeability is the basic condition for the occurrence of non-continuous flow in continuous medium, while the initial water head and the thickness of upper media have less influence on the occurrence of double-layer water level phenomenon. It is clear that the critical hydraulic gradient and the permeability ratio of the medium are exponentially related to the occurrence of "double water level" phenomenon. After mining, with the development of mining activities, the water inflow of the pit is not a fixed value. At the same mining level, under the condition of no roof and bottom roof falling, the size of the mining decreases gradually with mining time, and tends to be stable, at different mining levels, Under the influence of water filling condition and pressure head, the water inflow of mine will also change. In the case study, the water inflow of mine pit at the three mining levels of -400mg ~ 450mg ~ 500m is stable at 3992 mv / d 4545mt / d ~ 5140m/ d ~ 3 / d, respectively. The above results are expected to provide a scientific basis for the better analysis of the influence of mine drainage on the surrounding water environment, the rational design of mine drainage capacity and the prevention and control scheme, and the reference for the prediction of mine water discharge in other similar mining areas.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD742

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