硫化矿石自燃的机理与倾向性鉴定技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 18:06

本文选题：硫化矿石 + 自燃　；参考：《中南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：硫化矿石自燃是金属矿山开采中面临的重大灾害之一,火灾的发生将引发一系列的安全与环境问题,并且造成经济损失。长期以来,人们对硫化矿石自燃的防治理论与技术进行了多方面的研究,但由于硫化矿石自燃过程的复杂性和经济上的限制,许多问题未能得到完美的解决。在系统、深入分析已有研究成果的基础上,采取理论分析、实验测定与实践应用相结合的研究手段,针对硫化矿石自燃的机理、影响因素和倾向性鉴定测试技术这3方面做了大量的研究工作,取得了显著的效果。主要研究内容及成果如下： (1)通过对硫化矿石自燃全过程分析,对硫化矿石自燃机理进行补充。把硫化矿石自燃全过程分为5个阶段：破碎引起的机械力化学变化、物理吸附、低温氧化、高温氧化和燃烧,详细介绍了各阶段的定义与物理化学变化,补充了物物理吸附水理论和燃烧理论,完善了硫化矿石自燃机理及自燃倾向性鉴定的理论依据。详细分析了硫化矿石氧化过程中单质硫的生成对自燃点的影响。 (2)对硫化矿石自燃倾向性鉴定的影响因素如含水率、温度、粒径和产尘特性进行了补充性研究。对硫化矿石含水率重新定义,划分为初始含水率与含湿率,并分别研究二者对硫化矿石氧化速度的影响。通过实验和数据分析,证明了初始含水率对硫化矿石氧化速度的影响贯穿始末,证明了硫化矿石堆的氧化速度与温度呈正比关系。对4种矿石进行了产尘特性分析,证明了各矿石的产尘特性存在差异。用氧化增重法证明了破碎程度不同的矿石反应钝化现象差异不明显。 (3)应用既有的理论和本文的研究结论,对天马山硫金矿的硫化矿石进行自燃倾向性鉴定,并依据试验中发现的问题改进了硫化矿石自燃点测试方法。采用吸氧速度法、化学成分分析法、氧化增重法、自热点测定和自燃点测定对这些矿石进行了自燃倾向性鉴定和排序。对早燃点的问题进行了详细研究,完善了早燃点对自燃点的影响的机理,改进了自燃点测试方法。
[Abstract]:Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore is one of the major disasters in metal mining. Fire will cause a series of safety and environmental problems and cause economic losses. For a long time, the theory and technology of preventing and curing spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore have been studied in many aspects. However, due to the complexity and economic limitation of the process of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore, many problems have not been solved perfectly. On the basis of systematic and in-depth analysis of the existing research results, the mechanism of spontaneous combustion of sulphide ores is studied by means of combining theoretical analysis, experimental determination and practical application. A great deal of research work has been done on influencing factors and tendentiousness testing techniques, and remarkable results have been obtained. The main contents and results of the study are as follows: 1) by analyzing the whole process of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores, the mechanism of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores is supplemented. The whole process of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores is divided into five stages: mechanical chemical change caused by crushing, physical adsorption, low temperature oxidation, high temperature oxidation and combustion. The definition and physicochemical changes of each stage are introduced in detail. The physical adsorption water theory and combustion theory are supplemented to improve the mechanism of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores and the theoretical basis for the identification of spontaneous combustion tendency of sulfide ores. The influence of the formation of sulfur on the spontaneous combustion point during the oxidation of sulfide ore was analyzed in detail. The influencing factors such as moisture content, temperature, particle size and dust-producing characteristics of sulfide ore are studied in this paper. The moisture content of sulfide ore was redefined and divided into initial moisture content and moisture content, and the effects of them on oxidation rate of sulfide ore were studied respectively. The effect of initial moisture content on oxidation rate of sulfide ore is proved by experiment and data analysis. It is proved that the oxidation rate of sulfide ore heap is proportional to temperature. The dust-producing characteristics of four kinds of ores are analyzed and it is proved that there are differences in the dust-producing characteristics of each ore. The reaction passivation of ore with different degree of fragmentation was proved to have no obvious difference by means of oxidation and weight gain method. (3) based on the existing theory and the conclusion of this paper, the spontaneous combustion tendency of sulphide ore in Tianma Mountain sulfur gold mine is identified, and the test method of spontaneous combustion point of sulfide ore is improved according to the problems found in the experiment. The autoignition tendency of the ores was evaluated by oxygen absorption rate method, chemical component analysis method, oxidation weight gain method, self-hot spot measurement and spontaneous combustion point measurement. The problem of the early ignition point is studied in detail, the mechanism of the influence of the early ignition point on the spontaneous ignition point is improved, and the test method of the self-ignition point is improved.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD752.2

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