山区双车道公路交通安全设计与事故预防对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 09:19

本文选题：山区公路 + 交通安全　；参考：《华南理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国幅员辽阔，山地和丘陵占国土面积的70%以上。山区类型众多、地形地质复杂、环境恶劣，复杂运行环境使山区公路具有复杂线形特征、安全防护设施不强的特点，交通安全问题日益突出，这其中很大一部分为双车道公路。山区公路因其特殊的地形条件，事故率和死亡率明显高于平原区公路事故率和死亡率的平均水平。因此，开展山区双车道公路交通安全设计与事故预防对策研究，对降低山区双车道公路的事故率、保障道路上车辆的平安畅通运行、保障人民群众生命财产安全具有重要意义。首先，分析了山区双车道公路的事故形态分布、事故原因分布、事故时空分布等交通事故特征；在交通事故特征分析的基础上，进行了山区双车道公路交通影响因素识别，，系统分类提出了山区双车道公路的交通影响源；并着重分析了驾驶员因素、车辆因素道路因素和环境因素与交通事故的关系。其次，结合路侧安全等级划分，筛选确定了路侧安全影响因素，提出了评估指标监测量化方法，构建了基于TOPSIS—RSR的路侧安全等级评估模型；分析了路侧安全防护设施性能的影响因素，通过计算机模拟，构建了基于BP神经网络的安全防护设施性能评估模型；在路侧安全等级评估和安全防护设施性能评估的基础上，从路侧护栏设置、诱导设施布设、排水设施优化、路侧景观设计等多方面系统提出了路侧安全防护措施。然后，针对山区双车道公路大量分布的出入口，从力求减少横向交通对主线通行的行车安全影响的角度出发，研究了出入口的合理布位与渠化设计、出入口交通安全设施的选择与布置、出入口交通控制与组织方式，最大限度地保障出入口的交通安全。最后，结合双车道公路交通安全特性，针对不同特征或类别的双车道公路常见的隐患或事故多发路段，根据路侧安全等级评估、路侧安全防护设施性能评估结果，从安全净区改善、路面抗滑、速度控制、线形改善等多个层面提出事故预防综合处置技术。
[Abstract]:China has a vast territory, with mountains and hills accounting for more than 70% of the land area. There are many types of mountain area, the terrain and geology are complex, the environment is bad, the complex running environment makes the mountain highway have complex linear characteristic, the safety protection facilities are not strong, the traffic safety problem is more and more prominent, most of which are two-lane highway. Because of its special terrain condition, the accident rate and mortality rate of mountain highway are obviously higher than the average level of highway accident rate and death rate in plain area. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out research on traffic safety design and accident prevention countermeasures of two-lane highway in mountainous area to reduce the accident rate, to ensure the smooth and safe operation of vehicles on the road, and to ensure the safety of people's life and property. First of all, the traffic accident characteristics such as accident form distribution, accident cause distribution, accident space-time distribution and so on are analyzed, and on the basis of the analysis of traffic accident characteristics, the traffic influencing factors of mountain double-lane highway are identified. The traffic influence sources of two-lane highway in mountainous area are systematically classified, and the relationship between driver factor, vehicle factor, road factor and environment factor and traffic accident is analyzed emphatically. Secondly, combined with the classification of road side safety grade, the influence factors of road side safety are selected, and the evaluation index monitoring and quantification method is put forward, and the evaluation model of road side safety grade based on TOPSIS-RSR is constructed. This paper analyzes the factors influencing the performance of road side safety protection facilities, constructs the performance evaluation model of safety protection facilities based on BP neural network through computer simulation, on the basis of road side safety grade evaluation and safety protection facilities performance evaluation, The safety protection measures are put forward from many aspects, such as roadside guardrail setting, inductive facility layout, drainage optimization, roadside landscape design and so on. Then, in view of the large distribution of entrance and exit of two-lane highway in mountainous area, from the point of view of reducing the influence of lateral traffic on the traffic safety of main line, the reasonable location and channelization design of entrance and exit are studied. The choice and arrangement of the traffic safety facilities, the traffic control and organization of the entrances and exits, and the maximum guarantee of the traffic safety of the entrances and exits. Finally, combined with the traffic safety characteristics of two-lane highway, aiming at the common hidden danger or accident prone section of different characteristics or types of two-lane highway, according to the evaluation of road side safety grade, the road side safety protection facilities performance evaluation results, From the aspects of safety area improvement, pavement anti-skid, speed control, linear improvement and so on, the comprehensive treatment technology of accident prevention and treatment is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8;U412.3

【参考文献】