“综放”工作面易自燃煤层火灾防治体系的构建

发布时间：2018-05-30 02:10

本文选题：自燃倾向性 + 自然发火期　；参考：《内蒙古科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：综合机械化放顶煤开采是实现高产高效集约化矿井的一项重要技术，但是由于综放采工艺丢煤量大、遗煤多、煤体破碎、供风量大、漏风通道比较多、停采撤架时间长等特点，相对于其它采煤工艺更易引发煤自燃导致的火灾。因此，建立一套完整的适用于采用综放采工艺矿井的自燃火灾防治体系，对于维护国家财产安全和企业正常的生产秩序是十分有意义的。本文首先分析了影响煤炭自燃的因素，，总结了综合机械化放顶煤开采工艺的发火特点，并对现有的几种煤矿自燃火灾防治方案进行了分析，指出了其各自存在的不足之处，在此基础上提出构建“三位一体”的自燃火灾防治体系来进行易自燃煤层矿井的火灾防治。该体系分为“自燃发生-自燃认识-自燃防治”三个部分，从温度、气体、时间三个层面来阐述自燃火灾的防治，以期最终达到根治煤矿自燃火灾的目的。根据构建的防治体系需要，作者通过进行大量的实验，得到了大量的数据，为本文论证的说服性、合理性提供了有力的支持。首先，按照国家标准规范化要求对棋盘井9号煤层煤矿进行了取样，依据煤氧复合学说，首先进行了煤炭自燃倾向性的实验分析，并按照仪器常数法计算实验中氧气的吸附量，得出了该煤层具有自燃倾向性的结论。然后根据实验所得数据进行了煤样自然发火期的推算。通过埋管监测所得标志气体CO及O2浓度分布规律，并用气相色谱仪进行分析，确定了这两种标志气体含量的变化趋势，进而确定了该煤矿采空区“自燃三带”的划分范围。以此为基础，计算得到了该煤矿0913工作面最小推进速度。在构建自燃火灾防治体系过程中，针对棋盘井煤矿0913工作面采空区漏风的具体情况，提出运用并通过现场实测验证了使用均压通风方案以减少采空区漏风的可行性。最后，通过总结现有的煤矿自燃火灾防灭火方法的特点，比较了各种方法的优点及缺点，以及经济因素的考虑，并结合棋盘井煤矿0913工作面的实际情况，确定采用灌浆防灭火系统和阻化剂防灭火系统相结合的方案，并最终构建针对棋盘井煤矿9号煤层0913工作面的火灾防治体系。该火灾防治体系通过棋盘井煤矿0913工作面的实践应用，保证了其安全、稳定、高效生产，收到了良好的社会与经济效益，证明了该系统的可行性及可靠性，具有一定的实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:Comprehensive mechanized top coal caving mining is an important technology to realize high yield and high efficiency intensive coal mining. However, due to the characteristics of large amount of coal lost in fully mechanized caving, leaving more coal, broken coal body, large amount of air supply, more air leakage channels and long time of stopping mining and removing frame, etc. Fire caused by spontaneous combustion of coal is more likely to occur than other coal mining processes. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a complete set of spontaneous combustion fire prevention system suitable for the adoption of fully mechanized caving mining technology for the maintenance of national property safety and the normal production order of enterprises. In this paper, the factors that influence the spontaneous combustion of coal are analyzed, and the characteristics of the comprehensive mechanized top-coal caving mining process are summarized. Several existing schemes of preventing and controlling the spontaneous combustion of coal mines are analyzed, and the shortcomings of each of them are pointed out. On the basis of this, it is put forward to construct the fire prevention system of "trinity" in order to prevent and cure the fire in the coal mine which is prone to spontaneous combustion. The system is divided into three parts: spontaneous combustion, cognition of spontaneous combustion and prevention of spontaneous combustion. The prevention and treatment of spontaneous combustion fire are expounded from three aspects of temperature, gas and time, in order to achieve the goal of radical cure of spontaneous combustion fire in coal mine. According to the need of the prevention and cure system, the author has obtained a lot of data through a large number of experiments, which provides a strong support for the persuasion and rationality of this paper. First of all, the coal seam No. 9 in Qipanjing Coal Mine was sampled according to the national standard standardization requirements. According to the coal-oxygen compound theory, the experimental analysis of the coal spontaneous combustion tendency was first carried out, and the oxygen adsorption capacity in the experiment was calculated according to the instrument constant method. It is concluded that the coal seam has the tendency of spontaneous combustion. Then, according to the experimental data, the spontaneous combustion period of coal sample is calculated. The distribution law of CO and O2 concentration in the marked gases obtained by buried pipe monitoring was analyzed by gas chromatograph, the change trend of the two marked gases was determined, and the division range of the "spontaneous combustion three zones" in the goaf of the coal mine was determined. Based on this, the minimum advance speed of 0913 face in this coal mine is calculated. In the course of building fire prevention system of spontaneous combustion, aiming at the specific situation of air leakage in goaf of No. 0913 face of Qipanjing Coal Mine, the feasibility of using equal-pressure ventilation scheme to reduce air leakage in goaf is put forward and verified by field measurement. Finally, by summing up the characteristics of the existing methods of spontaneous combustion fire prevention and fire extinguishing in coal mines, the advantages and disadvantages of various methods are compared, as well as the consideration of economic factors, and combined with the actual situation of No. 0913 face in Qipan Coal Mine. The scheme of combining grouting fire extinguishing system with chemical inhibitor fire extinguishing system is determined and the fire prevention and control system for No. 9 coal seam 0913 face of Qipanjing Coal Mine is finally constructed. The fire prevention and control system has been applied in No. 0913 face of Qipanjing Coal Mine to ensure its safety, stability and high efficiency production. It has received good social and economic benefits, and proved the feasibility and reliability of the system. It has certain practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD752.2

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