便携式舱内超声检漏仪的研制

发布时间：2018-05-31 17:10

本文选题：气体泄漏 + 超声波　；参考：《中国空间科学技术》2015年03期

【摘要】：针对载人航天器在轨声学检漏的物理过程,以气动声学喷流噪声理论为基础,对气体流过漏孔的声音在舱内传播及信号检测的机理进行了研究,建立了气体泄漏产生的声功率和漏孔的几何尺寸及舱内气压的关系式,发现在毫米级直径的漏孔产生的声信号的中心频率大于20 kHz;研究了漏孔产生的声音信号传播的声压同接收方向和距离的关系式,模拟航天器舱内气体向太空泄漏时在舱内检漏的实际工况,进行了不同尺寸漏孔探测距离、探测方位的试验,初步验证了传感器接收到的漏孔声压和传感器法线与漏孔和传感器中心连线角的余弦成正比。完成了在轨检漏仪原理样机的研制,最小可检漏率达到10~(-1)Pa·m~3/s量级;定位范围优于20 mm,质量小于1.2 kg,功耗小于2.2 W。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the physical process of acoustic leak detection in orbit of manned spacecraft, based on the theory of aerodynamic acoustic jet noise, the mechanism of the sound propagation and signal detection of gas flowing through the leak hole in the cabin is studied. The relationship between the acoustic power produced by gas leakage and the geometrical size of the leak hole and the air pressure in the cabin is established. It is found that the central frequency of the sound signal generated in the hole of millimeter diameter is more than 20 kHz. The relation between the sound pressure of the sound signal produced by the hole and the direction and distance of the receiving is studied. In order to simulate the actual condition of leak detection in spacecraft cabin during the leakage of gas into space, the experiment of detecting distance and direction of leak hole with different sizes was carried out. It is preliminarily verified that the acoustic pressure received by the sensor is proportional to the cosine of the normal line of the sensor and the angle between the hole and the center of the sensor. The principle prototype of the in-orbit leak detector has been developed. The minimum leakage detection rate is in the order of 3 / s of 10~(-1)Pa, the positioning range is less than 20 mm, the mass is less than 1.2 kg, and the power consumption is less than 2.2 W.
【作者单位】：北京卫星环境工程研究所;
【分类号】：V528;V441

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